Compatibility of Beauveria bassiana and a Plant Secondary Metabolite: A Novel Modeling Approach to Invade Host Defense for Effective Control of Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) on Date Palms

• Published in: Journal of fungi (Basel) Vol. 7; no. 5; p. 334
• Main Author: Hussain, Abid
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.04.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Alcohol; antagonism; Antioxidants; Bioassays; biological control; biological index; Conidia; date palm dust mites; entomopathogenic fungi; Enzymatic activity; Ethanol; Fruits; Fungi; Metabolites; Mortality; Oligonychus afrasiaticus; Pest control; Physiology; Secondary metabolites; Toxicity; Variance analysis; Virulence; α-Pinene; Saudi Arabia; Egypt; biological index; date palm dust mites; entomopathogenic fungi; antagonism; (+)-α-pinene; antioxidants; toxin-pathogen interaction; synergism; biological control; joint toxicity
• ISSN: 2309-608X; 2309-608X
• DOI: 10.3390/jof7050334

(McGregor) is an important pest causing substantial economic losses to date palm fruits (dates). The application of mycopathogens with plant secondary metabolites, which may proceed synergistically is thus essential to augment sustainable management strategy for . In this regard, extensive laboratory experimentation involving compatibility, synergism, and host defense was performed to develop stable pest management option. The toxin-pathogen compatibility assay results revealed compatible interaction (biological index = 79-95) of ARSEF 8465 against each tested concentration of commercially available (+)-α-Pinene that provide the opportunity to further explore the time and concentration dependent mortality and defense related enzymatic regulation analysis. The time-mortality response assays that mainly comprised of various proportions of ARSEF 8465 and (+)-α-Pinene revealed that the sole application of ARSEF 8465 (LC = 19.16 mg/mL), and (+)-α-Pinene (3.41 mg/mL) found to be least lethal compared with joint applications (LC ranged from 1.32-7.06 mg/mL). The treatments complied under Scheme IV (80% (+)-α-Pinene: 20% ARSEF 8465 Conidia) led to strong synergistic interaction (joint toxicity = 755). In addition, synergistic interactions greatly induced enzymatic activities of the studied antioxidants (CAT and SOD), and defense-related enzymes (GST and AchE). We concluded that join application of ARSEF 8465 and (+)-α-Pinene is a promising option for controlling populations.