Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)-Specific T Cell Responses Correlate with Control of Acute HIV-1 Infection in Macaques

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 176; no. 5; pp. 1188 - 1197
• Main Authors: Kent, Stephen J., Woodward, Anthony, Zhao, Anne
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.11.1997; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Acute Disease; AIDS/HIV; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cell Line; DNA, Viral - analysis; Experimental viral diseases and models; HIV-1 - immunology; Infectious diseases; Macaca nemestrina; Medical sciences; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - immunology; Th1 Cells - immunology; Viral diseases; Immunopathology; Macaca nemestrina; Animal model; Immune response; HIV-1 virus; Retroviridae; Helper cell; Cytotoxicity; AIDS; Cellular immunity; Immune deficiency; Lentivirus; Infection; Virus; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Viral disease; Animal; T-Lymphocyte; Primates; Simioidea; Human immunodeficiency virus
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/514112

Macaca nemestrina efficiently control acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. The roles of helper (Th) and cytotoxic (CTL) T cells in controlling acute HIV-1 infection in both peripheral blood and lymph node mononuclear cells (PBMC and LNMC) were assessed in this model. Th and CTL responses to HIV-1 were detected within 2 weeks following HIV-1 infection, and CTL responses to HIV-1 antigens peaked at 4 weeks after infection (>100 HIV-specific CTL/106 PBMC), coincident with reductions of HIV-1 RNA and DNA levels in peripheral blood. HIV-1-specific Th and CTL were present in LNMC 6 weeks after infection. Although HIV-1 antibodies were detected 2 weeks after infection, maximal HIV-1 antibody responses were not generated until >13 weeks after inoculation. Thus, T cell responses temporally correlate with control of HIV-1 in macaques. The induction of a brisk HIV-1-specific CTL response may have been facilitated by a persistent Th response.