Ultrasound-Guided Greater Ischiatic Notch Plane Block Combined with the Caudal Quadratus Lumborum Block (GIN-TONIC Block) in Dogs Undergoing Pelvic Limb Surgery: Preliminary Results

• Published in: Animals (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 12; p. 1764
• Main Authors: Otero, Pablo E, Guerrero, Jorge A, Tarragona, Lisa, Micieli, Fabiana, Sanchez, María Fernanda, Donati, Pablo A, Ceballos, Martin R, Portela, Diego A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.06.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: analgesia; Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Bupivacaine; canine; Carbon dioxide; Clinical significance; Clinical trials; Dexmedetomidine; Fentanyl; General anesthesia; Hemodynamics; Intubation; nociception; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Performance evaluation; Recovery (Medical); regional anesthesia; Surgery; Ultrasonic imaging; Argentina; United States > US; nociception; canine; analgesia; regional anesthesia
• ISSN: 2076-2615; 2076-2615
• DOI: 10.3390/ani14121764

This study assessed the analgesic and motor effects of the GIN-TONIC block, a combination of the greater ischiatic notch plane block and the caudal lateral quadratus lumborum block, in 24 dogs undergoing pelvic limb surgery. Dogs were randomly divided into two equal groups: G received acepromazine [(20 µg kg intravenously (IV)] as premedication, and G received dexmedetomidine (2 µg kg IV). General anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane, and both groups received a GIN-TONIC block using 2% lidocaine. Nociception during surgery and postoperative pain [assessed using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Score (GCMPS-SF)] were assessed. Fentanyl (2 µg kg IV) was administered if nociception was noted and morphine (0.5 mg kg IV) was administered during recovery if the pain scores exceeded the predefined threshold. Motor function was assessed during the recovery period using descriptors previously reported. All dogs received analgesics at the 4 h mark before being discharged. Three and two dogs in G and G required fentanyl once. Postoperative pain scores remained ≤4/20 for all dogs except one. Dogs achieved non-ataxic ambulation within 38.9 ± 10.3 and 35.1 ± 11.1 min after extubation in G and G , respectively. This study highlighted the potential of the GIN-TONIC block as a feasible regional anesthesia method for delivering perioperative analgesia in dogs undergoing pelvic limb orthopedic surgery.