The therapeutic potential of the novel angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the treatment of coronavirus disease-19

• Published in: Veterinary World Vol. 14; no. 10; pp. 2705 - 2713
• Main Authors: Oyagbemi, Ademola Adetokunbo, Ajibade, Temitayo Olabisi, Aboua, Yapo Guillaume, Gbadamosi, Idayat Titilayo, Adedapo, Aduragbenro Deborah A, Aro, Abimbola Obemisola, Adejumobi, Olumuyiwa Abiola, Thamahane-Katengua, Emma, Omobowale, Temidayo Olutayo, Falayi, Olufunke Olubunmi, Oyagbemi, Taiwo Olaide, Ogunpolu, Blessing Seun, Hassan, Fasilat Oluwakemi, Ogunmiluyi, Iyanuoluwa Omolola, Ola-Davies, Olufunke Eunice, Saba, Adebowale Benard, Adedapo, Adeolu Alex, Nkadimeng, Sanah Malomile, McGaw, Lyndy Joy, Kayoka-Kabongo, Prudence Ngalula, Yakubu, Momoh Audu, Oguntibeju, Oluwafemi Omoniyi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Veterinary World 01.10.2021
• Subjects: ace2; covid-19; hypertension; lung injury; renin-angiotensin system; Review; sars-cov-2; COVID-19; ACE2; SARS-CoV-2; lung injury; Renin-angiotensin system; hypertension
• ISSN: 0972-8988; 2231-0916
• DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2705-2713

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This virus has become a global pandemic with unprecedented mortality and morbidity along with attendant financial and economic crises. Furthermore, COVID-19 can easily be transmitted regardless of religion, race, sex, or status. Globally, high hospitalization rates of COVID-19 patients have been reported, and billions of dollars have been spent to contain the pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 is a receptor of SARS-CoV-2, which has a significant role in the entry of the virus into the host cell. ACE2 is highly expressed in the type II alveolar cells of the lungs, upper esophagus, stratified epithelial cells, and other tissues in the body. The diminished expressions of ACE2 have been associated with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and immune system dysregulation. Overall, the potential drug candidates that could serve as ACE2 activators or enhance the expression of ACE2 in a disease state, such as COVID-19, hold considerable promise in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reviews the therapeutic potential and pharmacological benefits of the novel ACE2 in the management of COVID-19 using search engines, such as Google, Scopus, PubMed, and PubMed Central.