The Lung Microbiome and ARDS. It Is Time to Broaden the Model

Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the authors characterized bacteria detected in endotracheal aspirates collected serially from a large cohort of mechanically ventilated trauma patients. By applying rigorous ecologic analyses to this well-characterized cohort, they identified previously undemonstrated...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Vol. 197; no. 5; pp. 549 - 551
Main Author Dickson, Robert P
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Thoracic Society 01.03.2018
Subjects
Alcohol
Bacteria
Biomarkers
Critical Illness
Ecosystems
Heart failure
Humans
Hypotheses
Inflammation
Influenza
Lung
Microbiota
Pneumonia
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Sepsis
Smoking
Trauma
Ventilators
Ann Arbor Michigan
United States > US
Michigan
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Summary:Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the authors characterized bacteria detected in endotracheal aspirates collected serially from a large cohort of mechanically ventilated trauma patients. By applying rigorous ecologic analyses to this well-characterized cohort, they identified previously undemonstrated relationships between the composition of respiratory microbiota and host factors (smoking status, congestive heart failure, alcohol use), as well as concentrations of concurrently sampled plasma biomarkers of inflammation and alveolar injury. The alveolar ecosystem, normally inhospitable to bacterial reproduction (11), is radically altered in ARDS by the influx of nutrient-rich edema, the establishment of stark oxygen gradients, the surge of bacterial growth-promoting inflammatory molecules (12, 13), and impairment of local host defenses (4, 14). Lung microbiota is related to smoking status and to development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill trauma patients.
Bibliography:SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
content type line 23
ObjectType-Editorial-2
ObjectType-Commentary-1
ISSN:1073-449X
1535-4970
1535-4970
DOI:10.1164/rccm.201710-2096ED