Increasing food production and mitigating agricultural greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union: impacts of carbon pricing and calorie production targeting

• Published in: Environmental economics and policy studies Vol. 23; no. 2; pp. 409 - 440
• Main Authors: Isbasoiu, Ancuta, Jayet, Pierre-Alain, De Cara, Stéphane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Springer Japan 01.04.2021; Springer Nature B.V; Springer
• Subjects: Agriculture; Animal production; Animals; Calories; Carbon; Crop production; Crops; Economics; Economics and Finance; Emissions; Emissions control; Environmental Economics; Environmental policy; Fallow land; Farm buildings; Food; Food cans; Food production; Foods; Grasslands; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Humanities and Social Sciences; Market prices; Prices; Production; Research Article; Social Policy; Wheat; Carbon price; Q54; European Union; Q18; Food production; Greenhouse gas emissions; mathematical programming model; Production alimentaire; Programmation mathématique; mathematical programming model JEL Classification: Q18; Union européenne; Prix du carbone; Mathematical programming model; Emission de gaz à effet de serre
• ISSN: 1432-847X; 1867-383X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10018-020-00293-4

This study focuses on the links between food production and greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union. The analysis relies on two sets of simulations of AROPAj, a supply-side model of EU agriculture: (i) a carbon price affecting agricultural GHG emissions (from 0 to 200 EUR/tCO 2 eq), and (ii) a lower limit on the net quantity of food calories provided by EU agriculture (200 to 450 Mt soft wheat equivalent). The model is calibrated on six annual datasets 2007–2012. The results show that a moderate increase in the price of carbon would lead to an increase in total areas and outputs of crops. Animal production decreases over the explored range of carbon price. At 200 EUR/tCO 2 eq, the reduction in GHG emissions ranges from 25 to 35% depending on the year of calibration. The results also show that current net calorie production from food can be more than doubled, while simultaneously reducing GHG emissions by 10–15%. The compatibility between a reduction in GHG emissions and an increase in food calorie production relies on substantial changes in animal production and feed, which implies significant variations in grassland and fallow land. These effects are contrasted between the regions of the EU.