Flexible Sample Environments for the Investigation of Soft Matter at the European Spallation Source: Part III—The Macroscopic Foam Cell

The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is under construction in Lund (Sweden), will be the leading and most brilliant neutron source and aims at starting user operation at the end of 2023. Among others, two small angle neutron scattering (SANS) machines will be operated. Due to the high brillia...

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Published inApplied sciences Vol. 11; no. 11; p. 5116
Main Authors Kühnhammer, Matthias, Widmann, Tobias, Kreuzer, Lucas P., Schmid, Andreas J., Wiehemeier, Lars, Frielinghaus, Henrich, Jaksch, Sebastian, Bögershausen, Torsten, Barron, Paul, Schneider, Harald, Hiess, Arno, Müller-Buschbaum, Peter, Hellweg, Thomas, von Klitzing, Regine, Löhmann, Oliver
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.06.2021
Subjects
Construction
Design
Downtime
Experiments
Foams
Gas flow
instrumentation
Measuring instruments
Nanoparticles
Neutron scattering
Neutrons
Oil recovery
Position measurement
Quartz
sample environment
small angle neutron scattering
Spallation
Surfactants
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Summary:The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is under construction in Lund (Sweden), will be the leading and most brilliant neutron source and aims at starting user operation at the end of 2023. Among others, two small angle neutron scattering (SANS) machines will be operated. Due to the high brilliance of the source, it is important to minimize the downtime of the instruments. For this, a collaboration between three German universities and the ESS was initialized to develop and construct a unified sample environment (SE) system. The main focus was set on the use of a robust carrier system for the different SEs, which allows setting up experiments and first prealignment outside the SANS instruments. This article covers the development and construction of a SE for SANS experiments with foams, which allows measuring foams at different drainage states and the control of the rate of foam formation, temperature, and measurement position. The functionality under ESS conditions was tested and neutron test measurement were carried out.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11115116