Participating in sports and practicing a religion are related to levels of happiness
The objective of this study was to ascertain whether happiness varies depending on sports participation and religious practice. The sample comprised 2,378 participants aged between 18 and 92 years. All analysis were carried out by testing the interaction effects of the variables of sex and age on sp...
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Published in | Physical culture and sport studies and research Vol. 88; no. 1; pp. 11 - 17 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Warsaw
Sciendo
01.12.2020
De Gruyter Poland |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The objective of this study was to ascertain whether happiness varies depending on sports participation and religious practice. The sample comprised 2,378 participants aged between 18 and 92 years. All analysis were carried out by testing the interaction effects of the variables of sex and age on sports participation, religious practice, and happiness. We found a high average level of happiness (
= 7.299, range 0–10). However, people who do not participate in sports or practice a religion indicated a level of happiness (
= 6.979) that was statistically lower than that of the other groups: people who practice a religion but do not participate in sports (
= 7.135); people who participate in sports but do not practice a religion (
= 7.478); and people who both participate in sports and practice a religion (
= 7.717). We conclude that happiness is associated with sports participation and religious practice, although with small or very small effect sizes (all
< 0.050;
between 0.008 and 0.020). |
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ISSN: | 1899-4849 2081-2221 1899-4849 |
DOI: | 10.2478/pcssr-2020-0021 |