Organic and inorganic nanomaterials: fabrication, properties and applications

• Published in: RSC advances Vol. 13; no. 2; pp. 13735 - 13785
• Main Authors: Alshammari, Basmah H, Lashin, Maha M. A, Mahmood, Muhammad Adil, Al-Mubaddel, Fahad S, Ilyas, Nasir, Rahman, Nasir, Sohail, Mohammad, Khan, Aurangzeb, Abdullaev, Sherzod Shukhratovich, Khan, Rajwali
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Royal Society of Chemistry 02.05.2023; The Royal Society of Chemistry
• Subjects: Allotropy; Biosensors; Chemistry; Energy storage; Hybrid structures; Low temperature; Metal oxides; N-type semiconductors; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructure; Nanostructured materials; Photovoltaic cells; Physiochemistry; Semiconductor devices; Solar cells; Substrates; Thin films; Two dimensional materials; Zinc oxide
• ISSN: 2046-2069; 2046-2069
• DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01421e

Nanomaterials and nanoparticles are a burgeoning field of research and a rapidly expanding technology sector in a wide variety of application domains. Nanomaterials have made exponential progress due to their numerous uses in a variety of fields, particularly the advancement of engineering technology. Nanoparticles are divided into various groups based on the size, shape, and structural morphology of their bodies. The 21st century's defining feature of nanoparticles is their application in the design and production of semiconductor devices made of metals, metal oxides, carbon allotropes, and chalcogenides. For the researchers, these materials then opened a new door to a variety of applications, including energy storage, catalysis, and biosensors, as well as devices for conversion and medicinal uses. For chemical and thermal applications, ZnO is one of the most stable n-type semiconducting materials available. It is utilised in a wide range of products, from luminous materials to batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells to biomedical photocatalysis sensors, and it may be found in a number of forms, including pellets, nanoparticles, bulk crystals, and thin films. The distinctive physiochemical characteristics of semiconducting metal oxides are particularly responsible for this. ZnO nanostructures differ depending on the synthesis conditions, growth method, growth process, and substrate type. A number of distinct growth strategies for ZnO nanostructures, including chemical, physical, and biological methods, have been recorded. These nanostructures may be synthesized very simply at very low temperatures. This review focuses on and summarizes recent achievements in fabricating semiconductor devices based on nanostructured materials as 2D materials as well as rapidly developing hybrid structures. Apart from this, challenges and promising prospects in this research field are also discussed. ZnO nanomaterials and nanoparticles are a burgeoning field of research and a rapidly expanding technological sector in a wide variety of application domains.