Introduction to Heterostructured Materials: A Fast Emerging Field

• Published in: Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Vol. 52; no. 11; pp. 4715 - 4726
• Main Author: Zhu, Yuntian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.11.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electric vehicles; Heterostructures; Institute of Metals Lecture/Robert Franklin Mehl Award; Materials Science; Mechanical properties; Metallic Materials; Nanotechnology; Structural Materials; Surfaces and Interfaces; Synergistic effect; Textbooks; Thin Films; Work hardening; Yield strength
• ISSN: 1073-5623; 1543-1940
• DOI: 10.1007/s11661-021-06438-8

Strong and tough materials are desired for lightweight, energy efficient applications such as electric cars and aerospace applications. Recently, heterostructures are found to produce unprecedented strength and ductility that are considered impossible based on the materials science in our textbooks. Such superior mechanical properties are enabled by a new scientific principle: hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening and work hardening. Heterostructured (HS) materials consist of heterogeneous zones with dramatic difference (> 100 pct) in flow stresses. The inter-zone interaction produces back stress in the soft zones and forward stress in the hard zones, which collectively produces the HDI stress. HS materials possess a significant synergistic effect where the integrated property exceeds the prediction by the rule of mixtures. Importantly, HS materials can be produced by current industrial facilities at large scale and low cost. The new materials sciences and promising applications are driving the fast development of the HS materials as an emerging field. There are many fundamental issues that need to be probed so as to effectively design HS materials for superior properties. To solve these issues, it requires collaborative efforts by the communities of experimental materials science and computational material science and mechanics.