Phyllanthus emblica L. Enhances Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Wound Healing and Sprouting

• Published in: Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine Vol. 2013; no. 2013; pp. 1 - 9
• Main Authors: Chularojmontri, Linda, Suwatronnakorn, Maneewan, Wattanapitayakul, Suvara K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Puplishing Corporation 01.01.2013; Hindawi Publishing Corporation; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Acids; Alternative medicine; Angiogenesis; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Atherosclerosis; Cancer; Cardiovascular diseases; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell migration; Cell proliferation; Cell survival; Cytotoxicity; Drug dosages; Endothelial cells; Gallic acid; Gene expression; Health risks; High-performance liquid chromatography; Hypoxia; Liquid chromatography; Medical research; Nitric oxide; Oxidative stress; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Phyllanthus emblica; Reactive oxygen species; Umbilical vein; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Veins & arteries; Wound healing; Thailand; United States > US
• ISSN: 1741-427X; 1741-4288
• DOI: 10.1155/2013/720728

Endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of impaired wound healing and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Antioxidants from natural sources decrease oxidative stress and protect against cellular damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we examined the antioxidant constituents and capacity of Phyllanthus emblica L. (PE) fruit in freeze-dried power form. The pharmacological properties of PE were investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the aspects of endothelial cell proliferation, nitric oxide (NO) production, wound healing, cell migration, in vitro angiogenesis, and VEGF gene expression. The ASC content of PE was 1.574% + 0.046% (w/w) as determined by HPLC and the total phenolic content was 36.1% ± 0.7% gallic acid equivalent when measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The FRAP assay revealed a relatively high antioxidant capacity at 3,643 + 192.5 µmole/mg. PE at 0.1 to 10 µg/mL did not significantly influence endothelial cell proliferation, but at higher concentrations PE decreased cell survival to 62%. PE significantly promoted NO production, endothelial wound closure, endothelial sprouting, and VEGF mRNA expression. Therefore, PE is a candidate for antioxidant supplement that promotes endothelial function and restores wound healing competency.