Recurrence of drug-induced reactions in DRESS patients

• Published in: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. 801 - 804
• Main Authors: Picard, D., Vellar, M., Janela, B., Roussel, A., Joly, P., Musette, P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.04.2015
• Subjects: Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - epidemiology; Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - etiology; France - epidemiology; Humans; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - epidemiology; France
• ISSN: 0926-9959; 1468-3083
• DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12419

Background Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) may relapse following introduction of drugs structurally unrelated to the initial culprit drug. Objective To assess the frequency and characteristics of recurrent drug eruptions in patients with history of DRESS. Methods Patients who had developed adverse cutaneous reaction after DRESS occurrence were recruited from the regional database of Upper Normandy in France. Rate of recurrences were compared with patients with Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) patients during the same time frame. Results Of the 60 cases of DRESS collected, 15 (25%) with recurrences were retained for analysis. Seven patients had a single recurrence, whereas eight patients had several relapses. In the patients with pre‐existing DRESS, recurrences were incomplete, corresponding to cutaneous rash in 13 cases and associated with eosinophilia in seven cases. Internal organ involvement was observed in two cases. In contrast, a single recurrence was found out of 61 patients with TEN/SJS. Conclusion Incomplete recurrences with structurally unrelated culprit drugs are a frequent phenomenon in DRESS patients.