Strong Association Between Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake and the 2-Hour, Not the Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentration, in the Normal Glucose Tolerance Range

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between whole-body insulin-mediated glucose disposal and the fasting plasma glucose concentration in nondiabetic individuals. Research Design and Methods: Two hundred fifty-three nondiabetic subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impa...

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Published inThe journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism Vol. 99; no. 9; pp. 3444 - 3449
Main Authors Winnier, Diedre, Norton, Luke, Kanat, Mustafa, Arya, Ruth, Fourcaudot, Marcel, Hansis-Diarte, Andrea, Tripathy, Devjit, DeFronzo, Ralph A, Jenkinson, Christopher P, Abdul-Ghani, Muhammad
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Endocrine Society 01.09.2014
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Summary:Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between whole-body insulin-mediated glucose disposal and the fasting plasma glucose concentration in nondiabetic individuals. Research Design and Methods: Two hundred fifty-three nondiabetic subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance, and combined glucose intolerance received a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Total glucose disposal (TGD) during the insulin clamp was compared in IFG and NGT individuals and was related to fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose concentrations in each group. Results: TGD varied considerably between NGT and IFG individuals and displayed a strong inverse relationship with the 2-hour plasma glucose (PG; r = 0.40, P < .0001) but not with the fasting PG. When IFG and NGT individuals were stratified based on their 2-hour PG concentration, the increase in 2-hour PG was associated with a progressive decrease in TGD in both groups, and the TGD was comparable among NGT and IFG individuals. Conclusion: The present results indicate the following: 1) as in NGT, insulin-stimulated TGD varies considerably in IFG individuals; 2) the large variability in TGD in IFG and NGT individuals is related to the 2-hour PG concentration; and 3) after adjustment for the 2-hour proglucagon concentration, IFG subjects have comparable TGD with NGT individuals.
Bibliography:This work was supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grants DK097554–01 (to M.A.-G.), DK079195 (to C.P.J.), and DK24092 (to R.A.D.) and a Veterans Affairs merit grant (to C.P.J.).
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ISSN:0021-972X
1945-7197
DOI:10.1210/jc.2013-2886