Emerging concepts on the role of exosomes in lipid metabolic diseases

• Published in: Biochimie Vol. 96; pp. 67 - 74
• Main Authors: Record, Michel, Poirot, Marc, Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier B.V 01.01.2014
• Subjects: Animals; Biological Transport; Cancer; CD36; Cell Communication; Cholesterol - metabolism; Cholesterol epoxyde hydrolase (CHEH); Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); Eicosanoids; Exosomes - physiology; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia - metabolism; Lipid Metabolism; Lysophosphatidylcholines - metabolism; Phospholipases; Tamoxifen; Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); Eicosanoids; Phospholipases; CD36; Tamoxifen; Cholesterol epoxyde hydrolase (CHEH); Cancer
• ISSN: 0300-9084; 1638-6183
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.06.016

Dysregulation of lipid metabolism involves cellular communication mediated by cell contacts or exchange of bioactive lipids bound to soluble carriers or to lipoproteins. An increasing field is that of cellular communication mediated by nanovesicles called exosomes. Those vesicles are released from an internal compartment of viable cells, circulate in all biological fluids and can transfer material from cell-to-cells. Involvement of exosome trafficking in the transcellular metabolism of eicosanoids and cholesterol-related diseases including cancer is developed hereafter. •Exosomes are nanovesicles released from viable cells.•Exosomes transport proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs and lipids.•Exosomes are a new intercellular communication system.•Exosomes carry eicosanoids and are involved in cholesterol-related diseases.•Exosomes carry active GTP-dependent phospholipases.