The brassinosteroid-regulated transcription factors BZR1/BES1 function as a coordinator in multisignal-regulated plant growth

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms Vol. 1861; no. 6; pp. 561 - 571
• Main Authors: Li, Qian-Feng, Lu, Jun, Yu, Jia-Wen, Zhang, Chang-Quan, He, Jun-Xian, Liu, Qiao-Quan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.06.2018
• Subjects: Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism; Brassinosteroid; BZR1/BES1; Epigenesis, Genetic - physiology; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - physiology; Gene Regulatory Networks - physiology; Nuclear Proteins - genetics; Nuclear Proteins - metabolism; Plant growth and development; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Protein-protein interaction; Signal Transduction - physiology; Signaling crosstalk; Transcriptional regulation; Plant growth and development; BZR1/BES1; Brassinosteroid; Protein-protein interaction; Signaling crosstalk; Transcriptional regulation
• ISSN: 1874-9399; 1876-4320
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2018.04.003

BZR1 and BES1 are key transcription factors of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and represent the integration node of numerous signaling cascades. Their direct target genes have been identified, and BZR1/BES1-DNA interactions have been experimentally verified. Importantly, BZR1/BES1 also integrate different growth and development events via direct protein-protein interactions. For instance, DELLAs, PIFs, ARF6, and PKL, all directly interact with BZR1/BES1, forming a BZR1/BES1-centered regulatory network to coordinate cell elongation. By dissecting various BZR1/BES1-mediated BR responses, the concept that BZR1/BES1 act as an integration hub in multisignal-regulated plant growth and development was developed. The regulation of BZR1/BES1 is dynamic and multifaceted, including phosphorylation status, activity, and stability. Moreover, certain epigenetic modification mechanisms are involved in BZR1/BES1's regulation of gene expression. Herein, we review recent advances in BZR1/BES1-mediated molecular connections between BR and other pathways, highlighting the central role of the BZR1/BES1 interactome in optimizing plant growth and development. •BZR1 and BES1 are key transcription factors of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling.•The BZR1/BES1-centered regulatory network coordinates cell elongation.•BZR1/BES1 act as an integration hub in plant growth and development.•BZR1/BES1 are regulated by phosphorylation, activity, stability, and by epigenetics.