Optical assays based on colloidal inorganic nanoparticles

Colloidal inorganic nanoparticles have wide applications in the detection of analytes and in biological assays. A large number of these assays rely on the ability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, in the 20 nm diameter size range) to undergo a color change from red to blue upon aggregation. AuNP assays...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAnalyst (London) Vol. 143; no. 14; pp. 3249 - 3283
Main Authors Ghasemi, Amir, Rabiee, Navid, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Hashemzadeh, Shabnam, Lolasi, Farshad, Bozorgomid, Mahnaz, Kalbasi, Alireza, Nasseri, Behzad, Shiralizadeh Dezfuli, Amin, Aref, Amir Reza, Karimi, Mahdi, Hamblin, Michael R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 21.07.2018
Subjects
Agglomeration
Assaying
Biomarkers
Catalysis
Chemical synthesis
Colorimetry
Crosslinking
Gold
Magnetic resonance
Metal Nanoparticles
Molecular chains
Monoclonal antibodies
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Optical properties
Peroxidase
Pesticides
Silicon Dioxide
Silver
Titanium dioxide
Zinc oxide
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Summary:Colloidal inorganic nanoparticles have wide applications in the detection of analytes and in biological assays. A large number of these assays rely on the ability of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, in the 20 nm diameter size range) to undergo a color change from red to blue upon aggregation. AuNP assays can be based on cross-linking, non-cross linking or unmodified charge-based aggregation. Nucleic acid-based probes, monoclonal antibodies, and molecular-affinity agents can be attached by covalent or non-covalent means. Surface plasmon resonance and SERS techniques can be utilized. Silver NPs also have attractive optical properties (higher extinction coefficient). Combinations of AuNPs and AgNPs in nanocomposites can have additional advantages. Magnetic NPs and ZnO, TiO 2 and ZnS as well as insulator NPs including SiO 2 can be employed in colorimetric assays, and some can act as peroxidase mimics in catalytic applications. This review covers the synthesis and stabilization of inorganic NPs and their diverse applications in colorimetric and optical assays for analytes related to environmental contamination (metal ions and pesticides), and for early diagnosis and monitoring of diseases, using medically important biomarkers. Colloidal inorganic nanoparticles have wide applications in the detection of analytes and in biological assays.
ISSN:0003-2654
1364-5528
DOI:10.1039/c8an00731d