Concomitant Chemoradiotherapy as Primary Therapy for Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

• Published in: Journal of clinical oncology Vol. 18; no. 8; pp. 1652 - 1661
• Main Authors: VOKES, E. E, KIES, M. S, HSIEH, Y.-C, MITTAL, B. B, WEICHSELBAUM, R. R, HARAF, D. J, STENSON, K, LIST, M, HUMERICKHOUSE, R, DOLAN, M. E, PELZER, H, SULZEN, L, WITT, M. E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Baltimore, MD American Society of Clinical Oncology 01.04.2000; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Cisplatin - administration & dosage; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorouracil - administration & dosage; Head and Neck Neoplasms - drug therapy; Head and Neck Neoplasms - mortality; Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Head and Neck Neoplasms - surgery; Humans; Hydroxyurea - administration & dosage; Interferon-alpha - administration & dosage; Male; Medical sciences; Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous); Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Quality of Life; Radiotherapy - adverse effects; Radiotherapy Dosage; Recombinant Proteins; Survival Rate; Tretinoin - administration & dosage; Tumors; Antineoplastic agent; Human; Indication; Toxicity; Fluoropyrimidine derivatives; Malignant tumor; Chemoradiotherapy; Cisplatin; Phase II trial; Head and neck; ENT disease; Pyrimidine derivatives; Advanced stage; Therapeutic protocol; Fluorouracil; Platinum II Complexes
• ISSN: 0732-183X; 1527-7755
• DOI: 10.1200/jco.2000.18.8.1652

To achieve locoregional control of head and neck cancer, survival, and organ preservation using intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy. This study was a phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) every 28 days, infusional fluorouracil 800 mg/m(2)/d for 5 days, hydroxyurea 1 g orally every 12 hours for 11 doses, and radiotherapy twice daily at 1.5 Gy/fraction on days 1 through 5 (total dose, 15 Gy). Five days of treatment were followed by 9 days of rest, during which time patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Five cycles (three with cisplatin) were administered over 10 weeks (total radiotherapy dose, </= 75 Gy). Adjuvant chemoprevention with retinoic acid and interferon alfa-2A was offered. Seventy-six patients were treated (stage IV, 93%; N2, 54%; N3, 21%). At a median follow-up of 38 months, the 3-year progression-free survival is 72%, locoregional control 92%, systemic control 83%, and overall survival 55%. Toxicities included mucositis (grade 3, 45%; grade 4, 12%), neutropenia (grade 4, 39%), and thrombocytopenia (grade 4, 53%). Surgery at the primary site was performed in 13 patients, and 39 had neck dissection. A majority of patients declined adjuvant chemoprevention. Pharmacokinetic parameters were not prognostic of tumor control. Quality of life declined during treatment but returned from good to excellent by 12 months after treatment. Intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy leads to high locoregional control and survival rates with organ preservation and a reversal of the historical pattern of failure (distant > locoregional). Surgery after concomitant chemoradiotherapy is feasible. Compliance with adjuvant chemoprevention is poor. Identification of less toxic regimens and improved distant disease control emerge as important future research goals.