Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Canarypox Vaccine in HIV-Seronegative Ugandan Volunteers: Results of the HIV Network for Prevention Trials 007 Vaccine Study

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 187; no. 6; pp. 887 - 895
• Main Authors: Cao, H, Kaleebu, P, Hom, D, Flores, J, Agrawal, D, Jones, N, Serwanga, J, Okello, M, Walker, C, Sheppard, H, El-Habib, R, Klein, M, Mbidde, E, Mugyenyi, P, Walker, B, Ellner, J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 15.03.2003; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS Vaccines - administration & dosage; Biological and medical sciences; Canarypox virus - genetics; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Cross Reactions; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene Products, gag - genetics; Gene Products, gag - immunology; Genetic Vectors; HIV Antibodies - blood; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - immunology; HIV Seronegativity - immunology; HIV-1 - immunology; Human viral diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; Microbiology; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic - immunology; Tropical medicine; Uganda; Vaccination; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies; Vaccines, DNA - administration & dosage; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Virology; Uganda; Africa; Human; Immunopathology; Chordopoxvirinae; Immune response; Recombinant virus; Volunteer; Retroviridae; AIDS; Cellular immunity; Vaccine; Immune deficiency; Lentivirus; Infection; Virus; Avipoxvirus; Immunogenicity; Poxviridae; Viral disease; Network; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humoral immunity
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/368020

In the first preventative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine study to be carried out in Africa, 40 HIV-seronegative Ugandan volunteers were randomly assigned to receive a canarypox vector containing HIV-1 clade B (env and gag-pro) antigens (ALVAC-HIV; n=20), control vector containing the rabies virus glycoprotein G gene (n=10), or saline placebo (n=10). Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against target cells expressing clade A, B, and D antigens was assessed using standard chromium-release and confirmatory interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays. Neutralizing antibody responses to cell line–adapted strains and primary isolates in all 3 clades were also tested. Twenty percent of vaccine recipients generated detectable cytolytic responses to either Gag or Env, and 45% had vaccine-induced HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses, as measured by the ELISPOT assay. In contrast, only 5% of the control group had vaccine-specific responses. Neutralizing antibodies against primary and laboratory-adapted HIV-1 clade B strains were seen in 10% and 15% of vaccine recipients, respectively, but responses against clades A and D were not detected. Although the immunogenicity of this clade B–based vaccine was low, ALVAC-HIV elicited CD8+ T cell responses with detectable cross-activity against clade A and D antigens in a significant proportion of vaccine recipients