Phase-field modeling of gas bubbles and thermal conductivity evolution in nuclear fuels

• Published in: Journal of nuclear materials Vol. 392; no. 2; pp. 292 - 300
• Main Authors: Hu, Shenyang, Henager, Charles H., Heinisch, Howard L., Stan, Marius, Baskes, Michael I., Valone, Steven M.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15.07.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; ATOMS; BUBBLES; CERAMICS; Controled nuclear fusion plants; CRYSTALS; DEFECTS; Energy; Energy. Thermal use of fuels; Exact sciences and technology; Fission nuclear power plants; FISSION PRODUCTS; FUEL ELEMENTS; Fuels; GROWTH; HEAT TRANSFER; HELIUM BUBBLES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; Installations for energy generation and conversion: thermal and electrical energy; IRRADIATED UO2 FUEL; IRRADIATION; KINETICS; METALS; MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION; MICROSTRUCTURE; NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS; NUCLEAR FUELS; NUCLEATION; POINT DEFECTS; POROSITY; Preparation and processing of nuclear fuels; RADIATIONS; SEGREGATION; SIMULATION; STOICHIOMETRY; THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY; Trapping; Fission product; Thermal conductivity; Nuclear fuel; Vacancy cluster; Helium; Microstructure; Modeling; Diffusivity; Grain boundary; Nuclear reactor
• ISSN: 0022-3115; 1873-4820
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.03.017

A phase-field model was developed to simulate the accumulation and transport of fission products and the evolution of gas bubble microstructures in nuclear fuels. The model takes into account the generation of gas atoms and vacancies, and the elastic interaction between diffusive species and defects as well as the inhomogeneity of elasticity and diffusivity. The simulations show that gas bubble nucleation is much easier at grain boundaries than inside grains due to the trapping of gas atoms and the high mobility of vacancies and gas atoms in grain boundaries. Helium bubble formation at unstable vacancy clusters generated by irradiation depends on the mobilities of the vacancies and He, and the continuing supply of vacancies and He. The formation volume of the vacancy and He has a strong effect on the gas bubble nucleation at dislocations. The effective thermal conductivity strongly depends on the bubble volume fraction, but weakly on the morphology of the bubbles.