Fructans As DAMPs or MAMPs: Evolutionary Prospects, Cross-Tolerance, and Multistress Resistance Potential

• Published in: Frontiers in plant science Vol. 7; p. 2061
• Main Authors: Versluys, Maxime, Tarkowski, Łukasz P, Van den Ende, Wim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers 11.01.2017; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: Life Sciences; Plant Science; Vegetal Biology; stress; signaling; immunity; fructan; tolerance; DAMP; polyamine pFOS; sucrose toll-like receptor; microbial fructooligosaccharides NAD; does fructan exohydrolase; pFOS; BFO; herbivore-associated molecular pattern IL-1; fructooligosaccharides HAMP; tolerance DAMP SIGNALING IN PLANTS ATP; MAMP; interleukin 1; damage-associated molecular pattern; plant fructooligosaccharides; microbe-associated molecular pattern mFOS; microbial fructooligosaccharides; damage-associated molecular pattern DORN1; plant fructooligosaccharides PM; IL-1; lipo-oligosaccharides; FOS; mFOS; ROS; lipo-oligosaccharides MAMP; interleukin 1 LPS; herbivore-associated molecular pattern; LPS; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; polyamine; adenosine triphosphate BFO; reactive oxygen species; fructooligosaccharides; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide PA; SNF1; microbe-associated molecular pattern; plasma membrane; DORN1; burdock fructooligosaccharides; NAD; burdock fructooligosaccharides DAMP; PA; does fructan exohydrolase FOS; adenosine triphosphate; reactive oxygen species SNF1; plasma membrane ROS; HAMP; PM
• ISSN: 1664-462X; 1664-462X
• DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02061

This perspective paper proposes that endogenous apoplastic fructans in fructan accumulating plants, released after stress-mediated cellular leakage, or increased by exogenous application, can act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), priming plant innate immunity through ancient receptors and defense pathways that most probably evolved to react on microbial fructans acting as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). The proposed model is placed in an evolutionary perspective. How this type of DAMP signaling may contribute to cross-tolerance and multistress resistance effects in plants is discussed. Besides apoplastic ATP, NAD and fructans, apoplastic polyamines, secondary metabolites, and melatonin may be considered potential players in DAMP-mediated stress signaling. It is proposed that mixtures of DAMP priming formulations hold great promise as natural and sustainable alternatives for toxic agrochemicals.