Antimicrobial effect of novel gold nanoparticle oral rinse in subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment: An ex-vivo study

• Published in: Journal of international oral health Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 47 - 52
• Main Authors: Solanki, Lichi, Shantha Sundari, K, Muralidharan, N, Jain, Ravindra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Mumbai Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications 01.01.2022; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd
• Subjects: Antibacterial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial infections; Chemical properties; Chlorhexidine; Colonies; Contamination; Dental plaque; Gold; Health aspects; Maintenance and repair; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Mouthwashes; Nanoparticles; Orthodontic appliances; Orthodontics; Prevention; Statistical analysis; Streptococcus infections; Testing; India; Antimicrobial; Nanoparticles; Chlorhexidine; Streptococcus mutans
• ISSN: 0976-7428; 0976-1799
• DOI: 10.4103/JIOH.JIOH_155_21

Aim: To compare the antimicrobial efficacy of an indigenously prepared gold nanoparticle (AuNP) oral rinse with chlorhexidine oral rinse on plaque samples of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: In the presented ex-vivo study, previously prepared AuNPs were subjected to microbroth dilution assay for determination of MIC. Dental plaque samples were collected from either first or second maxillary molar teeth from first and second quadrants in 20 subjects (18-30 years) undergoing orthodontic treatment in the outpatient department. An aliquot of 100 µL of saline mixed with plaque was diluted in 0.5 mL of each group (Group 1: control, Group 2: 0.6% AuNP mouthwash, and Group 3: 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash). An aliquot of 10 µL was collected from every group and inoculated in the Brain Heart Infusion agar. After incubating for 48 h, colony-forming units (cfu)/mL were counted and identification of colony morphologies was performed. Shapiro-Wilk's test was done for normality testing and descriptive statistics to quantify the cfu, Kruskal-Wallis test for intergroup comparisons, and Dunn's post hoc Tukey test for pairwise comparisons. Results: Mean and SD of cfu in group 1 was 521.36 ± 168.02, group 2 was 0.85 ± 0.74, and group 3 was 0.55 ± 0.45. Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.000). Pairwise comparison showed significant difference between the groups 1 and 2, groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.000), but not between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.929). Conclusion: The indigenous AuNP herbal mouth rinse had a good antimicrobial effect against common oral microbes found in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The antibacterial effect of the new novel oral rinse when compared with commercially available chlorhexidine did not differ significantly.