From Interconnection between Genes and Microenvironment to Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Upper Gastro-Intestinal Cancers—A Multidisciplinary Perspective

Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choos...

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Published inCancers Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 2105
Main Authors Accordino, Giulia, Lettieri, Sara, Bortolotto, Chandra, Benvenuti, Silvia, Gallotti, Anna, Gattoni, Elisabetta, Agustoni, Francesco, Pozzi, Emma, Rinaldi, Pietro, Primiceri, Cristiano, Morbini, Patrizia, Lancia, Andrea, Stella, Giulia Maria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.08.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Cancer therapies
Chemotherapy
Classification
Disease
Drug therapy
Esophageal cancer
Esophagus
Gastric cancer
Gastrointestinal cancer
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genomes
Immunotherapy
Intestine
Metastases
Metastasis
Microsatellite instability
Mutation
Patient outcomes
PD-L1 protein
Review
Tumors
Italy
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Summary:Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choosing a tailored treatment. Data from large studies investigating the role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers are promising but further investigations are necessary to better select those patients who can mostly benefit from these novel therapies. This review will focus on the treatment of metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We will review the standard of care and the role of novel therapies such as immunotherapies and CAR-T. Moreover, we will focus on the analysis of potential predictive biomarkers such as Modify as: Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and PD-L1, which may lead to treatment personalization and improved treatment outcomes. A multidisciplinary point of view is mandatory to generate an integrated approach to properly exploit these novel antiproliferative agents.
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ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12082105