Mass cytometry revealed the circulating immune cell landscape across different Suzuki stages of Moyamoya disease

• Published in: Immunologic research Vol. 72; no. 4; pp. 654 - 664
• Main Authors: Liu, Chenglong, Ge, Peicong, Zhang, Bojian, Chan, Liujia, Pang, Yuheng, Tao, Chuming, Li, Junsheng, He, Qiheng, Liu, Wei, Mou, Siqi, Zheng, Zhiyao, Zhao, Zhikang, Sun, Wei, Zhang, Qian, Wang, Rong, Zhang, Yan, Wang, Wenjing, Zhang, Dong, Zhao, Jizong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.08.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Allergology; Autoimmune diseases; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Chronic illnesses; Cytometry; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Disease; Disease Progression; Female; Flow Cytometry; Heart rate; Hospitals; Humans; Immunology; Immunophenotyping; Internal Medicine; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology; Lymphocytes T; Male; Medical imaging; Medical research; Medicine/Public Health; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Monocytes - immunology; Moyamoya disease; Moyamoya Disease - immunology; Neurosurgery; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB protein; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Phenotypes; Signal transduction; Signal Transduction - immunology; Smooth muscle; T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Veins & arteries; Young Adult; NF-κB; Mass cytometry; Moyamoya disease; Circulating immune cell; Suzuki stage
• ISSN: 0257-277X; 1559-0755; 1559-0755
• DOI: 10.1007/s12026-024-09464-x

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder marked by progressive arterial narrowing, categorized into six stages known as Suzuki stages based on angiographic features. Growing evidence indicates a pivotal role of systemic immune and inflammatory responses in the initiation and advancement of MMD. This study employs high-dimensional mass cytometry to reveal the immunophenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood immune cells (PBMCs) at various Suzuki stages, offering insights into the progression of MMD. PBMC samples from eight patients with early-stage MMD (Suzuki stages II and III) and eight patients with later-stage MMD (Suzuki stages IV, V, and VI) were analyzed using high-dimensional mass cytometry to evaluate the frequency and phenotype of immune cell subtypes. We identified 15 cell clusters and found that the immunological features of early-stage MMD and later-stage MMD are composed of cluster variations. In this study, we confirmed that, compared to later-stage MMD, the early-stage MMD group exhibits an increase in non-classical monocytes. As the Suzuki stage level increases, the proportions of plasmacytoid DCs and monocyte-derived DCs decrease. Furthermore, T cells, monocytes, DCs, and PMN-MDSCs in the early-stage MMD group show activation of the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. We summarized and compared the similarities and differences between early-stage MMD patients and later-stage MMD patients. There is a potential role of circulating immune dysfunction and inflammatory responses in the onset and development of MMD.