Distraction Osteogenesis as a reliable method in management of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) secondary to TMJ Ankylosis: A Case Report

• Published in: Indian journal of otolaryngology, and head, and neck surgery Vol. 75; no. 3; pp. 2470 - 2476
• Main Authors: Chandan, Sanjay Shaligram, Sane, Vikrant Dilip, Nair, Vivek Sunil, Sane, Rashmi Vikrant
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 01.09.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Case reports; Clinical Report; Head and Neck Surgery; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Otorhinolaryngology; Sleep apnea; Micrognathia; Mandibular distraction; Obstructive sleep apnea; Upper airway obstruction; Temporomandibular joint ankylosis
• ISSN: 2231-3796; 0973-7707
• DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03770-w

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is identified as repetitive and intermittent upper airway collapse or narrowing during sleep. Skeletal advancement through maxillomandibular surgery remains the most effective surgical treatment for OSA but is radical with certain relapse rate. Distraction Osteogenesis of mandible is a single-jaw surgical treatment alternative to bi-jaw surgeries having lesser complications. This case report describes successful management of a 46-year-old patient who reported with a chief complain of obstruction in breathing while sleeping since one year. Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) secondary to a retrognathic mandible was the final diagnosis, which was successfully treated by Distraction Osteogenesis (DO) of the mandible. The case showed enhancement in airway by 13mm and marked forward movement of Point-B (SNB increased by 6 degrees). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale value decreased from 19mm to 8 mm indicating substantial increase in the airway with stable results after 18 months of follow-up (elimination of symptoms and subsequent sound sleep). Distraction osteogenesis is an effective and reliable method to treat obstructive sleep apnoea secondary to retrognathic mandible.