A data-driven kinetic model for opinion dynamics with social network contacts

• Published in: European journal of applied mathematics Vol. 36; no. 2; pp. 264 - 290
• Main Authors: Albi, Giacomo, Calzola, Elisa, Dimarco, Giacomo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.04.2025
• Subjects: 35Q91; 65M75; 91B74; 91D30; Behavior; collective behaviour; Construction; data-driven models; Digital media; Dynamics; kinetic and Boltzmann equations; multi-agent systems; Opinion dynamics; Parameter estimation; Sentiment analysis; Social networks; Statistical physics; 35Q91; multi-agent systems; 91D30; data-driven models; kinetic and Boltzmann equations; collective behaviour; Opinion dynamics; 91B74; 65M75
• ISSN: 0956-7925; 1469-4425
• DOI: 10.1017/S0956792524000068

Opinion dynamics is an important and very active area of research that delves into the complex processes through which individuals form and modify their opinions within a social context. The ability to comprehend and unravel the mechanisms that drive opinion formation is of great significance for predicting a wide range of social phenomena such as political polarisation, the diffusion of misinformation, the formation of public consensus and the emergence of collective behaviours. In this paper, we aim to contribute to that field by introducing a novel mathematical model that specifically accounts for the influence of social media networks on opinion dynamics. With the rise of platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram and many others, social networks have become significant arenas where opinions are shared, discussed and potentially altered. To this aim after an analytical construction of our new model and through incorporation of real-life data from Twitter, we calibrate the model parameters to accurately reflect the dynamics that unfold in social media, showing in particular the role played by the so-called influencers in driving individual opinions towards predetermined directions.