Host Attachment, Invasion, and Stimulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Campylobacter concisus and Other Non-Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter Species

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 202; no. 12; pp. 1855 - 1865
• Main Authors: Man, Si Ming, Kaakoush, Nadeem O., Leach, Steven T., Nahidi, Lily, Lu, Hao K., Norman, Jennifer, Day, Andrew S., Zhang, Li, Mitchell, Hazel M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford The University of Chicago Press 15.12.2010; University of Chicago Press; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: BACTERIA; Bacterial Adhesion; Bacteriology; Bacteroides; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Western; Caco 2 cells; Campylobacter; Campylobacter - immunology; Campylobacter - pathogenicity; Campylobacter concisus; Cell Line; Cell lines; Cell membranes; Cytokines - secretion; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epithelial cells; Epithelial Cells - microbiology; Flagella; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Host-Pathogen Interactions; HT29 cells; Humans; Infections; Infectious diseases; Medical sciences; Microbiology; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Miscellaneous; Monocytes - microbiology; Tight junctions; Infection; Bacteria; Campylobacteraceae; Cytokine; Campylobacter jejuni
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/657316

Background. Campylobacter concisus and other non-Campylobacter jejuni Campylobacter species have been implicated in the initiation of gastrointestinal diseases. In the present study, we investigated the interaction between these bacteria and the human intestinal epithelium and immune cells. Methods. The ability of C. concisus, Campylobacter showae, Campylobacter hominis, and Bacteroides ureolyticus to invade epithelial cells was examined using scanning electron microscopy and gentamicin protection assays. Proinflammatory cytokines generated by epithelial and immune cells in response to these bacteria were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ussing Chamber, immunofluorescent stain, and Western blot were used to further elucidate the impact of C. concisus on intestinal barrier integrity and functions. Results. Attachment of non-C. jejuni Campylobacter species to Caco-2 or HT-29 cells was mediated by flagellum- dependent and/or -independent processes. C. concisus was able to invade Caco-2 cells, generate a membraneruffling effect on the epithelial surface on entry, and damage epithelial barrier functions by preferential attachment to the cell-cell junctions. Proinflammatory cytokine profiles exhibited by epithelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages in response to C. concisus and other non-C. jejuni Campylobacter species were species and strain specific. Conclusions. These findings demonstrate that C. concisus and other non-C. jejuni Campylobacter species may play a role in initiating gastrointestinal diseases.