Regional limb perfusion for antibiotic treatment of experimentally induced septic arthritis

• Published in: Veterinary surgery Vol. 21; no. 5; p. 367
• Main Authors: Whitehair, K.J. (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.), Bowersock, T.L, Blevins, W.E, Fessler, J.F, White, M.R, Van Sickle, D.C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.09.1992
• Subjects: Animals; ANTIBIOTICOS; ANTIBIOTICS; ANTIBIOTIQUE; Arthritis, Infectious - drug therapy; Arthritis, Infectious - veterinary; ARTICULACIONES; ARTICULATION; CABALLOS; Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion - veterinary; CHEVAL; DRUG THERAPY; EXPERIMENTACION IN VIVO; EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION; EXPERIMENTATION IN VIVO; FLUIDO SINOVIAL; GENTAMICIN; Gentamicins - administration & dosage; Gentamicins - pharmacokinetics; Gentamicins - therapeutic use; Horse Diseases - drug therapy; HORSES; IN VIVO EXPERIMENTATION; INFECCION EXPERIMENTAL; INFECTION EXPERIMENTALE; INJECTION; Injections, Intravenous - veterinary; INTRAVENOUS INJECTION; INYECCION; JOINTS (BODY PARTS); Leukocyte Count - veterinary; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - veterinary; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; SYNOVIAL FLUID; Synovial Fluid - cytology; Synovial Fluid - metabolism; Synovial Fluid - microbiology; SYNOVIAL SHEATHS; SYNOVIE; TERAPEUTICA MEDICAMENTOSA; THERAPEUTIQUE MEDICAMENTEUSE
• ISSN: 0161-3499; 1532-950X
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb01713.x

Septic arthritis was induced in one antebrachiocarpal joint of seven horses by the intra-articular injection of 1 mL Staphylococcus aureus suspension containing a mean of 10(5) colony-forming units. Twenty-four hours after inoculation, four horses were treated by regional perfusion with 1 g of gentamicin sulfate, and three horses received 2.2 mg/kg gentamicin sulfate intravenously (IV) every 6 hours. Synovial fluid was collected for culture and cytology at regular intervals, and the synovial membranes were collected for culture and histologic examination at euthanasia 24 hours after the first treatment. Gentamicin concentration in the septic synovial fluid after three successful perfusions was 221.2 +/- 71.4 (SD) micrograms/mL; after gentamicin IV, it was 7.6 +/- 1.6 (SD) micrograms/mL. The mean leukocyte count in the inoculated joints decreased significantly by hour 24 in the successfully perfused joints. Terminal bacterial cultures of synovial fluid and synovial membranes were negative in two horses with successfully perfused joints. S. aureus was isolated from the infected joints in all three horses treated with gentamicin IV.