PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN PATHOLOGIC FRACTURES SECONDARY TO METASTATIC TUMORS
Pathological fractures caused by metastases sharply decrease the quality of life and increase mortality rates for patients with malignant neoplasias. Orthopedic advances in osteosynthesis and endoprosthesis have been beneficial in the prevention and treatment of such fractures. The objective of our...
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Published in | Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil) Vol. 61; no. 4; pp. 313 - 320 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Brazil
Elsevier España, S.L.U
01.08.2006
Faculdade de Medicina / USP |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Pathological fractures caused by metastases sharply decrease the quality of life and increase mortality rates for patients with malignant neoplasias. Orthopedic advances in osteosynthesis and endoprosthesis have been beneficial in the prevention and treatment of such fractures. The objective of our study was to determine which prognostic factors for pathologic fractures treated in our Service were significant.
This was a retrospective study enrolling 112 patients treated for pathologic fractures secondary to metastatic tumors between April 1994 and December 2004 in our Service. Patients were analyzed according to sex, age, bone metastasis site, visceral metastases, origin of primary tumor, treatment type, serum hemoglobin, and survival.
The most affected site was the femur (44%), the most frequent primary tumor was breast cancer (25%); the most frequently employed surgical treatment was unconventional endoprosthesis (66%). Sex, age, primary tumor, site affected, non-bone metastasis, and clinical versus surgical treatment variables were not good predictors for survival. The only significant predictor was the type of surgery employed. Patients who received an endoprosthesis presented a worse prognosis (21.6 months) than patients undergoing osteosynthesis (47.8 months).
Patients undergoing osteosynthesis, with a less morbid surgical technique and earlier rehabilitation, had longer survival times than patients who received endoprostheses. Our case series is similar to international ones, where the most frequent primary tumor is breast tumor, followed by tumors of undetermined origin, prostate, and lung tumors.
As fraturas patológicas por metástase óssea determinam uma queda abrupta na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com neoplasias malignas e também aumentam sua mortalidade. Os avanços ortopédicos de osteossíntese e endopróteses têm beneficiado a prevenção e tratamento dessas fraturas. O objetivo de nosso estudo é determinar quais são os fatores prognósticos dessas fraturas patológicas tratadas no nosso serviço.
Foram estudados 112 pacientes tratados com fraturas patológicas secundárias a tumores metastáticos entre abril de 1994 e dezembro de 2004, no nosso serviço. Os pacientes foram analisados quanto ao sexo, idade, local de metástase óssea, metástases viscerais, origem do tumor primário, tipo de tratamento, hemoglobina sérica e sobrevida.
O local mais acometido foi o fêmur (44%), o tumor primário mais freqüente foi o câncer de mama (25%), o tratamento cirúrgico mais realizado foi a endoprótese não convencional (66%). As variáveis sexo, idade, tumor primário, local acometido, mestástase não-óssea e tratamento clínico versus cirúrgico não são bons preditores para sobrevida. Os pacientes operados com endoprótese (21,6 meses) apresentaram pior prognóstico que os pacientes submetidos à osteossíntese (47,8 meses).
Os pacientes submetidos à osteossíntese, com uma técnica cirúrgica menos mórbida e de reabilitação mais precoce, apresentaram maior sobrevida em relação aos pacientes submetidos à endopróteses. Observamos que nossa casuística é semelhante à internacional, na qual aparece como tumor primário mais freqüente o de mama, os de origem indeterminada, próstata e pulmão. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1807-5932 1980-5322 1980-5322 |
DOI: | 10.1590/S1807-59322006000400007 |