Evaluation of the biological and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate‐based and epoxy resin‐based root canal sealers

• Published in: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials Vol. 110; no. 6; pp. 1344 - 1353
• Main Authors: Ferreira, Gabriela Cardoso, Pinheiro, Lucas Siqueira, Nunes, Júlia Silveira, Almeida Mendes, Roberta, Schuster, Cláudia Daniela, Soares, Renata Grazziotin, Kopper, Patrícia Maria Poli, Figueiredo, José Antônio Poli, Grecca, Fabiana Soares
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.06.2022; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Alizarin; Alkaline phosphatase; Animal tissues; Animals; bioactivity; Biocompatibility; Biological activity; Biological properties; Biomedical materials; Calcium; Calcium Compounds - chemistry; Calcium Compounds - pharmacology; calcium silicate; Calcium silicates; Cell viability; Chemical properties; Connective tissues; Dimensional stability; endodontics; Enzymatic activity; Enzyme activity; Eosinophils; Epoxy resins; Epoxy Resins - chemistry; Epoxy Resins - pharmacology; Film thickness; Flow stability; In vivo methods and tests; Leukocytes (eosinophilic); Materials research; Materials science; Materials Testing; pH effects; physicochemical analysis; Physicochemical properties; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Root Canal Filling Materials - chemistry; Root Canal Filling Materials - pharmacology; Root canals; Sealers; Sealing compounds; Silicates - chemistry; Silicates - pharmacology; Wound healing; endodontics; calcium silicate; bioactivity; biocompatibility; physicochemical analysis
• ISSN: 1552-4973; 1552-4981
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35004

Biocompatibility, dimensional stability, radiopacity, flow, and low solubility are the characteristics of an ideal endodontic sealer. This study evaluated and compared in vivo and in vitro biological and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate‐based sealers: Sealer Plus BC (BC), MTA Fillapex (MF); and resin‐based sealers: AH Plus (AHP) and Sealer Plus (SP). Apical papilla cells were exposed to sealer extracts and subjected to MTT, SRB, scratch, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity (ALP) and Alizarin red staining (ALZ) assays. Sealers were histologically evaluated in connective tissue of Wistar rats in different periods. Radiopacity, film thickness, flow, setting time, pH and element analyses were investigated. BC had better results compared to AHP and MF at hour 72 for MTT assay (p < .05), and the highest cell viability under SRB (p < .05). All sealers presented ALP activity. BC presented the highest mineralized deposition under ALZ (p < .05). BC and MF promoted wound healing. All sealers induced an initial inflammation reaction that decreased over time. Eosinophils were observed at day 7 in MF (p < .05). Despite MF did not present final setting time, the sealers properties were in accordance to ISO 6876/2012 and ASTM C266‐08. All sealers presented cell viability and biocompatibility. BC presented higher pH values and bioactivity. The materials tested showed physico‐chemical properties in accordance with standards, except for MF setting time.