Analysis of stones formed in the human gall bladder and kidney using advanced spectroscopic techniques

Stone diseases (gallstones and kidney stones) are extremely painful and often cause death. The prime aim of biomedical research in this area has been determination of factors resulting in stone formation inside the gallbladder and urinary tract. Many theories have been put forward to explain the mec...

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Published inBiophysical reviews Vol. 12; no. 3; pp. 647 - 668
Main Authors Singh, Vivek K., Jaswal, Brijbir S., Sharma, Jitendra, Rai, Pradeep K.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.06.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Biochemistry
Biological and Medical Physics
Biological Techniques
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biophysics
Calculi
Cell Biology
Chemical composition
Fourier analysis
Fourier transforms
Gallbladder
Gallstones
Infrared spectroscopy
Ions
Kidney stones
Kidneys
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
Life Sciences
Mass spectroscopy
Membrane Biology
Nanotechnology
Nephrolithiasis
Pathogenesis
Review
Secondary ion mass spectrometry
Urinary tract
X-ray fluorescence
EDXRF
And LIBS
WDXRF
FTIR
Gallstones
TOF-SIMS
Kidney stones
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Summary:Stone diseases (gallstones and kidney stones) are extremely painful and often cause death. The prime aim of biomedical research in this area has been determination of factors resulting in stone formation inside the gallbladder and urinary tract. Many theories have been put forward to explain the mechanism of stone formation and their growth; however, their complete cycle of pathogenesis is still under debate. Several factors are responsible for stone formation; however, much emphasis is placed on the determination of elemental and molecular composition of the stones. In the present review article, we describe different kinds of spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and highlight their use in the analysis of stone diseases. We have summarized work done on gallstones and kidney stones using these advanced techniques particularly over the last 10 years. We have also briefly elaborated the basics of stone formations inside the human body and their complications for a better understanding of the subject.
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ISSN:1867-2450
1867-2469
DOI:10.1007/s12551-020-00697-2