Taguchi L25 (54) Approach for Methylene Blue Removal by Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanofiber-Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite

• Published in: Water (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 8; p. 1242
• Main Authors: Essa, Wafa K, Yasin, Suhad A, Abdullah, Anwar H, Thalji, Mohammad R, Saeed, Ibtisam A, Assiri, Mohammed A, Chong, Kwok Feng, Ali, Gomaa A. M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.04.2022
• Subjects: Adsorbents; Adsorption; ANOVA; Aqueous solutions; Carbon; Dyes; Experiments; Fourier transforms; Graphene; Infrared spectroscopy; Methylene blue; Nanocomposites; Nanofibers; Nanotechnology; Nanotubes; Orthogonal arrays; Pets; Pollutants; Polyethylene; Polyethylene terephthalate; Production processes; removal efficiency; Scanning electron microscopy; Spectrum analysis; Surface chemistry; Surface properties; taguchi approach; Variance analysis; Water treatment; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 2073-4441; 2073-4441
• DOI: 10.3390/w14081242

A membrane composed of polyethylene terephthalate nanofiber and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PET NF-MWCNTs) composite is used to adsorb methylene blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques are employed to study the surface properties of the adsorbent. Several parameters affecting dye adsorption (pH, MB dye initial concentration, PET NF-MWCNTs dose, and contact time) are optimized for optimal removal efficiency (R, %) by using the Taguchi L25 (54) Orthogonal Array approach. According to the ANOVA results, pH has the highest contributing percentage at 71.01%, suggesting it has the most significant impact on removal efficiency. The adsorbent dose is the second most affected (12.08%), followed by the MB dye initial concentration of 5.91%, and the least affected is the contact time (1.81%). In addition, experimental findings confirm that the Langmuir isotherm is well-fitted, suggesting a monolayer capping of MB dye on the PET-NF-MWCNT surface with a maximum adsorption capacity of 7.047 mg g−1. Also, the kinetic results are well-suited to the pseudo-second-order model. There is a good agreement between the calculated (qe) and experimental values for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.