Design of the critical components in the ITER ECH upper launcher steering mechanism

• Published in: Fusion engineering and design Vol. 82; no. 5; pp. 897 - 904
• Main Authors: Landis, J.-D., Bertizzolo, R., Chavan, R., Henderson, M., Sanchez, F.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.10.2007; New York, NY Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Bellow; Controled nuclear fusion plants; Electron cyclotron heating; Energy; Energy. Thermal use of fuels; Exact sciences and technology; Flexure pivot; Front steering; Installations for energy generation and conversion: thermal and electrical energy; NTM; Upper port launcher; Electron cyclotron heating; Bellow; NTM; Front steering; Upper port launcher; Flexure pivot; Tokamak; Plasma; Prototype; Cooling; Tube; Helium; Pressure; Operating conditions; Nuclear fusion reactor; Lifetime; Cyclotron; Fatigue test; Fatigue strength; ECR heating; Temperature control; Reliability; Deposition; Reactor core
• ISSN: 0920-3796; 1873-7196
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.03.028

The purpose of the ITER electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) antennae located in the upper port launcher will be to stabilize the neoclassical tearing modes (NTM) by driving currents locally inside either the q = 3 / 2 or 2 island. The ITER reference design uses a front steering (FS) concept with the moveable mirror close to the plasma. The FS launcher is capable of steering eight 2 MW beams via two sets of steering mirrors [R. Chavan, M. Henderson, R. Bertizzolo, J.-D. Landis, F. Sanchez, H. Shidara, The ECH front steering launcher for the ITER upper port, this conference. [8]]. In the adverse invessel operating conditions, reliable operation is required to guarantee the availability of the mirror steering mechanism during the 20-year lifetime of ITER. The dynamic performance and steering accuracy of the mirror system are essential for the localized beam power deposition. In order to increase the steering reliability and accuracy, traditional bearing and push–pull rods are avoided, which tend to introduce backlash or grip. The proposed frictionless and backlash free mechanism design uses elastically compliant structural components to guide and drive the rotating mirror. The actuator system is based on a pressure controlled helium filled bellows array working against a set of preloaded compressive springs. The radiation and temperature sensitive pressure control servovalves are located in the port duct behind the closure plate. Resistance to cyclic fatigue is the critical design requirement for compliant systems. In order to achieve the high reliability, four critical components are identified and described in detail. The bellows, the flexure pivots, the return springs and the spiral cooling tubes are the core elements of the mechanism allowing the controlled rotation of the mirror. Prototypes of the critical components are being tested. Corresponding analytical and cyclic fatigue numerical models of the compliant components are to be validated by fatigue bench tests. The detailed design and the principal tests of the critical components used in the FS mechanism will be presented.