A novel spectrophotometric method for batch and flow injection determination of cyanide in electroplating wastewater

• Published in: Talanta (Oxford) Vol. 71; no. 3; pp. 1088 - 1095
• Main Authors: Hassan, Saad S.M., Hamza, Mohamed S.A., Kelany, Ali E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 28.02.2007; Oxford Elsevier
• Subjects: Analysis methods; Analytical chemistry; Applied sciences; Aquacyanocobyrinic acid heptamethylester (aquacyanocobester); Chemistry; Cyanide determination; Electrochemical methods; Electroplating wastewater; Exact sciences and technology; Flow injection analysis; Global environmental pollution; Natural water pollution; Pollution; Spectrometric and optical methods; Spectrophotometry; Water treatment and pollution; Flow injection analysis; Spectrophotometry; Aquacyanocobyrinic acid heptamethylester (aquacyanocobester); Cyanide determination; Electroplating wastewater; Chemical analysis; Cyanides; Selectivity; Waste water; Ester; Detection limit; Electrodeposition; Monitoring; Flow injection; Trace analysis; Stability; Reaction product; Interference; Solubility; Hydrodynamics; Potentiometry; Ion selective electrode; Absorption spectrometry; Sensitivity; Batch process; Environment; Aqueous solution; Nitrogen dioxide
• ISSN: 0039-9140; 1873-3573
• DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2006.06.010

A sensitive and highly selective spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of cyanide. It is based on a reaction of cyanide with aquacyanocobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester (ACCbs) reagent (orange color) at pH 9.5 to give dicyanocobester (DCCbs) (violet color). The increase of the absorption bands of the reaction product at 368 and 580 nm and the decrease of the reagent band at 353 nm are linearly proportional to the cyanide concentration. The method is used in static mode for determining cyanide over the concentration range 0.04–1.20 μg ml −1 with a detection limit of 0.02 μg ml −1 and for hydrodynamic analysis of 0.4–5.2 μg ml −1 cyanide. Application for batch and flow injection monitoring of cyanide in electroplating wastewater samples gives results agree within ± 1.2% with those obtained by the standard potentiometry using the cyanide ion selective electrode. The method is practically free from interferences by PO 4 3−, NO 3 −, NO 2 −, SO 4 2−, F −, Cl −, Br −, I −, S 2− and SCN − ions and gives results with average recoveries of 97.6–99.2%. Advantages offered by using ACCbs as a chromogen for cyanide assay are: (i) high selectivity and sensitivity of the coordination site of the reagent towards cyanide ion; (ii) fast reaction, since legation takes place at the axial position of the reagent; (iii) good solubility and stability of the reagent in aqueous solutions over a wide pH range; (iv) high stability of the reagent (ACCbs) and the colored complex product (DCCbs) and (v) possible absorbance measurements at three different wavelengths.