Anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and red lasers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Published in: Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy Vol. 31; p. 101747
• Main Authors: Phutim-Mangkhalthon, Ampika, Teerakapong, Aroon, Tippayawat, Patcharaporn, Morales, Noppawan Phumala, Morkmued, Supawich, Puasiri, Subin, Priprem, Aroonsri, Damrongrungruang, Teerasak
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.09.2020
• Subjects: Azulenes; Electron spin resonance spectrometer; Fluorescence probe; Guaiazulene; Lasers; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; PGE2; Photochemotherapy - methods; Photodynamic therapy; Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology; Photosensitizing Agents - therapeutic use; RANTES; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane; Singlet oxygen; Guaiazulene; PGE2; Singlet oxygen; Photodynamic therapy; RANTES; Fluorescence probe; Electron spin resonance spectrometer; PGE
• ISSN: 1572-1000; 1873-1597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101747

[Display omitted] •2–5 μM guaiazulene + red laser 4−8 J/cm2 generated a high amount of singlet oxygen.•2–5 μM guaiazulene + red laser 4−8 J/cm2 did not affect cell viability.•2–5 μM guaiazulene + red laser 4−8 J/cm2 effectively decreased RANTES and PGE2. Photodynamic therapy improves oral mucositis treatment. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from this reaction could contribute to an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing inflammatory cells. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of photodynamic therapy using guaiazulene and a red laser in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Guaiazulene solutions (1, 2, 5, 25, 35, and 100 μM in 99.8 % methanol) were irradiated with red laser light (625 nm, 146.2 mW/cm2) in continuous mode at 0, 4, and 8 J/cm2 in black 96-well plates. ROS were measured using spin trapping technique with electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and fluorescence. The two highest concentrations were tested using cell viability (PrestoBlue®) and anti-inflammation (RANTES and PGE2 ELISA) assay kits. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn Bonferroni tests were used for statistical analyses with significant differences at p-value < 0.05. Guaiazulene solutions between 2 and 5 μM exposed to red laser light at 4−8 J/cm2 generated significantly more singlet oxygen compared to the no guaiazulene group (p < 0.01) and reduced RANTES and PGE2 levels in TNF-α-inflamed peripheral blood mononuclear cells without affecting cell viability. Photodynamic activation of guaiazulene generated singlet oxygen and suppressed inflammatory markers in PBMCs.