Lipid mediators of liver injury in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a spectrum of histopathological phenotypes ranging from simple steatosis to more severe liver disease associated with cell injury, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Only a subset of patients with NAFLD...

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Published inAmerican journal of physiology: Gastrointestinal and liver physiology Vol. 316; no. 1; pp. G75 - G81
Main Authors Liangpunsakul, Suthat, Chalasani, Naga
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Physiological Society 01.01.2019
SeriesLiver and Biliary Tract Physiology/Pathophysiology
Subjects
Cell injury
Cholesterol - metabolism
Cirrhosis
Fatty liver
Fibrosis
Genotype & phenotype
Hepatocytes
Histopathology
Humans
Lipid Metabolism - physiology
Lipids
Liver - injuries
Liver - pathology
Liver cirrhosis
Liver Cirrhosis - pathology
Liver diseases
Mini-Review
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology
Phenotypes
Steatosis
Therapeutic applications
Triglycerides
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
cell death
inflammation
lipotoxicity
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Summary:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a spectrum of histopathological phenotypes ranging from simple steatosis to more severe liver disease associated with cell injury, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Only a subset of patients with NAFLD develop NASH from yet incompletely understood mechanisms. Emerging data suggest lipid species other than triglycerides as contributors to the pathogenesis of NASH. In this mini review, we focus on the recent data on the mechanisms of NASH, focusing on these lipid mediators and their potential as therapeutic targets in NASH.
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S. Liangpunsakul and N. Chalasani contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:0193-1857
1522-1547
1522-1547
DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.00170.2018