How Effective Are Nanomaterials for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water and Wastewater?

Efficient removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater is a necessity for human and environmental well-being. Agricultural, domestic, and industrial waste discharges increase with the increase in the global population. Discharges are loaded with toxic metallic substances that inevitably reach w...

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Published inWater, air, and soil pollution Vol. 231; no. 7
Main Authors Borji, Hadil, Ayoub, George M., Bilbeisi, Rana, Nassar, Nashaat, Malaeb, Lilian
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 01.07.2020
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adsorption
Agricultural wastes
Aqueous solutions
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Discharge
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Environmental monitoring
Heavy metals
Household wastes
Hydrogeology
Industrial wastes
Metals
Nanomaterials
Nanotechnology
Removal
Soil Science & Conservation
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Water Quality/Water Pollution
Water treatment
Metal oxides
Dendrimers
Nanoclays
Carbon-based nanomaterials
Nanomaterial
Heavy metals
Nanofiltration membranes
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Summary:Efficient removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater is a necessity for human and environmental well-being. Agricultural, domestic, and industrial waste discharges increase with the increase in the global population. Discharges are loaded with toxic metallic substances that inevitably reach water sources. Conventional treatment methods are in many cases inadequate in their removal efficiencies. Alternatively, recently developed advanced treatment approaches, such as nanotechnologies, offer advantages in water treatment. Nanotechnology brought about materials with high specific surface areas and adsorption capacities for the removal of undesirable heavy metals present in water. A detailed review of the use of nanotechnologies and nanomaterials for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions is presented in this study. Limitations, research gaps, and suitability of nanotechnology in water treatment for the removal of heavy metals at a large scale are discussed, and relevant conclusions are accordingly deduced.
ISSN:0049-6979
1573-2932
DOI:10.1007/s11270-020-04681-0