Effects of a very-low-calorie diet on metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors in the treatment of obese non-insulin-dependent diabetics

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 51; no. 5; pp. 768 - 773
• Main Authors: Uusitupa, MI, Laakso, M, Sarlund, H, Majander, H, Takala, J, Penttilä, I
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01.05.1990; American Society for Clinical Nutrition
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Calorimetry, Indirect; CHOLESTEROL; Cholesterol - blood; COLESTEROL; COMPOSICION DE LA SANGRE; COMPOSITION DU SANG; Coronary Disease - complications; DIABETE; DIABETES; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus - diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diet, Reducing; DIETA; DIETA TERAPEUTICA; Electrocardiography; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Energy Intake; Female; FEMME; HOMBRES; HOMME; Humans; Hypertension - complications; LIPIDE; LIPIDOS; LIPOPROTEINAS; LIPOPROTEINE; Male; Management. Various non-drug treatments. Langerhans islet grafts; Medical sciences; METABOLISME; METABOLISMO; Middle Aged; MUJERES; Obesity; REGIME ALIMENTAIRE; REGIME THERAPEUTIQUE; Risk Factors; SANG; SANGRE; SOBREPESO; SURPOIDS; VALEUR CALORIQUE; VALOR CALORICO; Vectorcardiography; Endocrinopathy; Human; Obesity; Energy metabolism; Cardiovascular disease; Lipids; Fatty acids; Non insulin dependent diabetes; Very low calorie diet; Diet therapy; Diet; Atherosclerosis; Risk factor; Carbohydrate
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/51.5.768

Ten obese non-insulin-dependent diabetics (six men, four women) with secondary drug failure were treated with a hypocaloric diet only (2100-3350 kJ/d) for 3 mo to assess the effects of weight reduction on metabolic control, energy production rate, and cardiovascular risk factors. During the 3 mo of follow-up the mean body weight decreased from 101.0 ± 7.2 (x̄ ± SEM) to 87.2 ± 5.5 kg (p < 0.001). Basal energy production rate (kJ/min) decreased by 8.5%. Fasting blood glucose declined from 12.3 ± 0.4 to 10.5 ± 0.7 mmol/L (p < 0.05) but mean diurnal glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c did not change significantly. Serum total cholesterol was decreased at 2 wk but at 3 mo it did not differ significantly from the baseline value. A marked reduction was observed in serum triglycerides after 3 mo (4.57 ± 1.0 vs 2.18 ± 0.26 mmol/L, p = 0.012). The high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased after weight reduction (0.96 ± 0.06 vs 1.11 ± 0.05 mmol/L, p = 0.009). A significant decline was found in both systolic (152 ± 6 vs 133 ± 3 mm Hg, p = 0.004) and diastolic blood pressure (92 ± 3 vs 81 ± 3 mm Hg, p = 0.007). There was no evidence of linoleic acid deficiency after this diet.