Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis Increases the Risk of HIV-1 Acquisition

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 195; no. 5; pp. 698 - 702
• Main Authors: McClelland, R. Scott, Sangaré, Laura, Hassan, Wisal M., Lavreys, Ludo, Mandaliya, Kishorchandra, Kiarie, James, Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah, Jaoko, Walter, Baeten, Jared M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.03.2007; University of Chicago Press
• Subjects: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Bacterial vaginosis; Biological and medical sciences; Condoms; Delayed-Action Preparations; Education; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; HIV 1; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV Infections - etiology; HIV Infections - virology; HIV/AIDS; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Humans; Infections; Infectious diseases; Kenya - epidemiology; Levonorgestrel - administration & dosage; Medical sciences; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate - administration & dosage; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Prospective studies; Prostitution; Reproductive tract infections; Risk Factors; Sex Work; Sexually transmitted diseases; Statistical median; Time Factors; Trichomonas vaginalis; Trichomonas Vaginitis - complications; Trichomonas Vaginitis - epidemiology; Uterine cervicitis; Virology; Virus; Infection; Trichomonas vaginalis; Protozoa; Microbiology; HIV-1 virus; Retroviridae; Trichomonadida; Human immunodeficiency virus; Lentivirus
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1086/511278

We conducted a prospective study among women in Mombasa, Kenya, to determine whether Trichomonas vaginalis infection was associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. At monthly follow-up visits, laboratory screening for HIV-1 and genital tract infections was conducted. Among 1335 HIV-1-seronegative women monitored for a median of 566 days, there were 806 incident T. vaginalis infections (23.6/100 personyears), and 265 women seroconverted to HIV-1 (7.7/100 person- years). Trichomoniasis was associated with a 1.52-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.24-fold) increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Treatment and prevention of T. vaginalis infection could reduce HIV-1 risk in women.