Coomb's negative cold agglutinin disease: A rare report of an incidentally detected case

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia which usually results due to production of immunoglobulin M-type autoantibody against the I/i and H antigens on red blood cell membrane. They can be idiopathic or may be due to underlying lymphoproliferative disorders or aty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAsian journal of transfusion science Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. 233 - 236
Main Authors Balraam, K V Vinu, Masood, Adnan, Garg, Nidhi, Somasundaram, Venkatesan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01.07.2021
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Subjects
Anemia
Autoimmunity
Case Report
cold antibody
hemolytic
Immunoglobulin M
respiratory failure
respiratory failure
cold antibody
Anemia
hemolytic
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Summary:Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia which usually results due to production of immunoglobulin M-type autoantibody against the I/i and H antigens on red blood cell membrane. They can be idiopathic or may be due to underlying lymphoproliferative disorders or atypical infections. It can have a varied presentation ranging from being incidentally detected to being totally transfusion dependent for a longer or shorter duration. Several factors play a role in determining the ability of cold agglutinins in inducing hemolysis such as antibody concentration and temperature. Here, we present a 54-year-old patient, a known case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was admitted to our hospital in the winter months as a case of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. During the course of the stay, the patient developed respiratory insufficiency and went into Type II respiratory failure and hematological investigations revealed features of CAD.
ISSN:0973-6247
1998-3565
DOI:10.4103/ajts.AJTS_78_20