Adaptive Servoventilation Improves Cardiorenal Function and Prognosis in Heart Failure Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Sleep-Disordered Breathing

• Published in: Journal of cardiac failure Vol. 19; no. 4; pp. 225 - 232
• Main Authors: Owada, Takashi, MD, Yoshihisa, Akiomi, MD, PhD, Yamauchi, Hiroyuki, MD, Iwaya, Shoji, MD, Suzuki, Satoshi, MD, PhD, Yamaki, Takayoshi, MD, PhD, Sugimoto, Kochi, MD, PhD, Kunii, Hiroyuki, MD, PhD, Nakazato, Kazuhiko, MD, PhD, Suzuki, Hitoshi, MD, PhD, Saitoh, Shu-Ichi, MD, PhD, Takeishi, Yasuchika, MD, PhD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.04.2013
• Subjects: Adaptive servoventilation; Aged; Blood Pressure - physiology; cardiorenal function; Cardiovascular; Chronic Disease; chronic heart failure; chronic kidney disease; Female; Heart Failure - epidemiology; Heart Failure - physiopathology; Heart Failure - therapy; Heart Rate - physiology; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Positive-Pressure Respiration - methods; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - therapy; Sleep Apnea Syndromes - epidemiology; Sleep Apnea Syndromes - physiopathology; Sleep Apnea Syndromes - therapy; sleep-disordered breathing; Treatment Outcome; cardiorenal function; chronic kidney disease; chronic heart failure; sleep-disordered breathing; prognosis; Adaptive servoventilation
• ISSN: 1071-9164; 1532-8414
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2013.03.005

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) play critical roles in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it still remains unclear whether adaptive servoventilation (ASV) improves cardiorenal function and the prognosis of CHF patients with CKD and SDB. Methods and Results Eighty CHF patients with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL min−1 1.73 cm−2 ) and SDB (apnea-hypopnea index >15/h) were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: 36 patients were treated with usual care plus ASV (ASV group) and 44 patients were treated with usual care alone (Non-ASV group). Levels of B-type natriuretic peptide, glomerular filtration rate, cystatin C, C-reactive protein, noradrenaline, and left ventricular ejection fraction were measured before treatment and 6 months after treatment. Patients were followed to register cardiac events occurring after enrollment. Six months of ASV therapy reduced levels of B-type natriuretic peptide, cystatin C, C-reactive protein, and noradrenaline and improved the glomerular filtration rate and ejection fraction (all P < .05). However, none of these parameters changed in the Non-ASV group. Thirty-two events (14 deaths and 18 rehospitalizations) occurred during the follow-up period (mean 513 days). Importantly, the event-free rate was significantly higher in the ASV group than in the Non-ASV group (77.8% vs 45.5%; log rank P  < .01). Conclusions ASV improves the prognosis of CHF patients with CKD and SDB, with favorable effects such as the improvement of cardiorenal function and attenuation of inflammation and sympathetic nervous activity.