Noninfectious Causes of Pregnancy Loss at the Late Embryonic/Early Fetal Stage in Dairy Cattle

In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAnimals (Basel) Vol. 13; no. 21; p. 3390
Main Authors Szelényi, Zoltán, Szenci, Ottó, Bodó, Szilárd, Kovács, Levente
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.11.2023
Subjects
Animals
cattle
Clinical medicine
Dairy cattle
Embryonic development
Embryos
Milk
Milk production
Mortality
noninfectious
Plasma
prediction
Pregnancy
pregnancy loss
Pregnant women
Proteins
Risk factors
stress
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:In cattle, initial pregnancy diagnosis takes place during the late embryonic/early fetal stage of gestation. From this point onward, pregnancy loss may occur in up to one fifth of pregnancies before the initial pregnancy diagnosis is confirmed. This means the early identification of risk factors is a key part of pregnancy diagnosis and herd management. The various factors responsible for pregnancy losses are classified into infectious and noninfectious. Among the noninfectious causes, several dam-related (circumstances of the individual pregnancy or milk production) and herd-related factors causing stress have been well established. In this review, we summarize the impacts of these noninfectious factors and predict associated risks of pregnancy loss.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13213390