The risk factors in diabetic foot ulcers and predictive value of prognosis of wound tissue vascular endothelium growth factor

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 14120 - 7
• Main Authors: Xu, Jing, Gao, Jian, Li, Hui, Zhu, Zhoujun, Liu, Junliang, Gao, Chong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 19.06.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/163/2743; 692/699/2743/137; Adverse events; Aged; Amputation; Correlation analysis; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic Foot - metabolism; Diabetic foot ulcers; Endothelium; Female; Foot diseases; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Plantar ulcers; Prognosis; Regression analysis; Retrospective study; Risk Factors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Vascular endothelial growth factor; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - blood; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - metabolism; Vascular endothelium growth factor; Wound Healing; Retrospective study; Vascular endothelium growth factor; Diabetic foot ulcers; Diabetes mellitus; Risk factors
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64009-4

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a leading cause of high-level amputation in DM patients, with a low wound healing rate and a high incidence of infection. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in diabetes mellitus (DM) related complications. This study aims to explore the VEGF expression and its predictive value for prognosis in DFU, in order to provide basis for the prevention of DFU related adverse events. We analyzed 502 patients, with 328 in healing group and 174 in non-healing/recurrent group. The general clinical data and laboratory indicators of patients were compared through Spearman correlation analysis, ROC analysis and logistic regression analysis. Finally, the independent risk factors for adverse prognosis in DFU patients were confirmed. Spearman analysis reveals a positive correlation between the DFU healing rate and ABI, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression, and a negative correlation with DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, TC, Scr, BUN, and serum VEGF. Further logistic regression analysis finds that the DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, ABI, serum VEGF, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression are the independent risk factors for adverse prognosis in DFU ( p  < 0.05). DM duration, FPG, HbA1c, ABI, serum VEGF, VEGF in wound tissue, and positive rate of VEGF expression are the independent risk factors for prognosis in DFU patients. Patients with these risk factors should be screened in time, which is of great significance to prevent DFU related adverse events and improve outcomes.