Mitochondrial dynamics keep balance of nutrient combustion in thermogenic adipocytes

• Published in: Mitochondrion Vol. 59; pp. 157 - 168
• Main Authors: Michurina, S.S., Stafeev, I.S., Menshikov, M.Y., Parfyonova, Ye.V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.07.2021
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - metabolism; Animals; Beige fat; Brown fat; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Metabolism; Mitochondria - metabolism; Mitochondrial Dynamics; Thermogenesis; Uncoupling Protein 1 - metabolism; FFA; GTP; Drp; NRF; UCP; HFD; OXPHOS; OPA1; PPAR; β3-AR; CGI58; MIEF; HSL; PKA; batKO; Metabolism; ER; Thermogenesis; AT; TCA; Pax7; NE; ROS; NADPH; T2DM; PGC1α; Mitochondrial dynamics; ATGL; C/EBPs; Sca1; OMA1; WAT; Mff; Mfn; Bnip3; PRDM16; Fis1; Brown fat; KO; GLUT; FADH2; Beige fat; TG; BAT; ETC; LD; atKO; ATP; Myf5
• ISSN: 1567-7249; 1872-8278
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.05.001

•White, beige and brown adipocytes exhibit distinct mitochondrial morphology.•Mitochondrial dynamics influences bioenergetic efficiency in adipocytes.•Mitochondrial dynamics determines prevailed energy substrate for thermogenesis. Non-shivering thermogenesis takes place in brown and beige adipocytes and facilitates cold tolerance and acclimation. However, thermogenesis in adipose tissue also was found to be activated in metabolic overload states for fast utilization of nutrients excess. This observation spurred research interest in mechanisms of thermogenesis regulation for metabolic overload and obesity prevention. One of proposed regulators of thermogenic efficiency in adipocytes is the dynamics of mitochondria, where thermogenesis takes place. Indeed, brown and beige adipocytes exhibit fragmented round-shaped mitochondria, while white adipocytes have elongated organelles with high ATP synthesis. Mitochondrial morphology can determine uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) content, efficiency of catabolic pathways and electron transport chain, supplying thermogenesis. This review will highlight the co-regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and thermogenesis and formulate hypothetical ways for excessive nutrients burning in response to mitochondrial morphology manipulation.