Extremozymes and compatible solute production potential of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria isolated from crop rhizospheric soils of Southwest Saurashtra Gujarat

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 15704 - 18
• Main Authors: Reang, Likhindra, Bhatt, Shraddha, Tomar, Rukam Singh, Joshi, Kavita, Padhiyar, Shital, Bhalani, Hiren, Kheni, JasminKumar, Vyas, U. M., Parakhia, M. V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 08.07.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 16S rRNA; 631/326; 631/45; 631/61; Adaptability; Agricultural land; Aldehyde dehydrogenase; Amino Acids, Diamino - biosynthesis; Amino Acids, Diamino - metabolism; Bacillus - genetics; Bacillus - isolation & purification; Bacillus - metabolism; Bacteria; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacteria - metabolism; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism; Biosynthesis; Cellulase; Cellulase - biosynthesis; Cellulase - genetics; Cellulase - metabolism; Chitinase; Chitinases - genetics; Chitinases - metabolism; Crops, Agricultural - microbiology; Cytoplasm; Denaturation; Ectoine; Enhanced oil recovery; Enzymes; Extremophile; Extremozyme; Glycine betaine; Halophiles; Humanities and Social Sciences; India; Investigations; Microorganisms; multidisciplinary; Peptide Hydrolases - genetics; Peptide Hydrolases - metabolism; Phylogeny; Rhizosphere; Rhizosphere microorganisms; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; rRNA 16S; Salinity; Salinity tolerance; Salt; Salt Tolerance - genetics; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Soil Microbiology; Soil microorganisms; Soil testing; Textiles; India; 16S rRNA; Extremozyme; Ectoine; Glycine betaine; Extremophile; Halophiles
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63581-z

Halophiles are one of the classes of extremophilic microorganisms that can flourish in environments with very high salt concentrations. In this study, fifteen bacterial strains isolated from various crop rhizospheric soils of agricultural fields along the Southwest coastline of Saurashtra, Gujarat, and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as  Halomonas pacifica ,  H. stenophila , H. salifodinae, H. binhaiensis, Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi, and Bacillus paralicheniformis were investigated for their potentiality to produce extremozymes and compatible solute. The isolates showed the production of halophilic protease, cellulase, and chitinase enzymes ranging from 6.90 to 35.38, 0.004–0.042, and 0.097–0.550 U ml −1 , respectively. The production of ectoine-compatible solute ranged from 0.01 to 3.17 mg l −1 . Furthermore, the investigation of the ectoine-compatible solute production at the molecular level by PCR showed the presence of the ectoine synthase gene responsible for its biosynthesis in the isolates. Besides, it also showed the presence of glycine betaine biosynthetic gene betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in the isolates. The compatible solute production by these isolates may be linked to their ability to produce extremozymes under saline conditions, which could protect them from salt-induced denaturation, potentially enhancing their stability and activity. This correlation warrants further investigation.