Polymorphisms in the Genes Coding for TLRs, NLRs and RLRs Are Associated with Clinical Parameters of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are major elements of the innate immune system that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR, NLR, and RLR genes may lead to an imbalance in the productio...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 17; p. 9593
Main Authors Wicherska-Pawłowska, Katarzyna, Bogunia-Kubik, Katarzyna, Kuszczak, Bartłomiej, Łacina, Piotr, Dratwa, Marta, Jaźwiec, Bożena, Wróbel, Tomasz, Rybka, Justyna
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Acute myeloid leukemia
Age
Apoptosis
Bone marrow
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Coding
Cytokines
Disease
Genes
Immune system
Infections
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Leukemia
Malignancy
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Nod1 protein
NOD2 protein
Nucleotides
Pathogens
Patients
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
single-nucleotide polymorphisms
TLR3 protein
TLR4 protein
TLR9 protein
Toll-like receptors
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Summary:Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are major elements of the innate immune system that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TLR, NLR, and RLR genes may lead to an imbalance in the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, changes in susceptibility to infections, the development of diseases, and carcinogenesis. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a bone marrow malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of transformed myeloid precursors. We retrospectively analyzed 90 AML patients. We investigated the effect of fifteen SNPs located in the genes coding for RLR1 (rs9695310, rs10738889, rs10813831), NOD1 (rs2075820, rs6958571), NOD2 (rs2066845, rs2066847, rs2066844), TLR3 (rs5743305, rs3775296, 3775291), TLR4 (rs4986791, rs4986790), and TLR9 (rs187084, rs5743836). We observed that TLR4 rs4986791, TLR9 rs5743836, and NOD2 rs2066847 were associated with CRP levels, while RLR-1 rs10738889 was associated with LDH level. Furthermore, we found TLR3 rs5743305 AA to be more common in patients with infections. We also found TLR9 rs187084 C to be associated with more favorable risk, and RLR-1 rs9695310 GG with higher age at diagnosis. In conclusion, the current study showed that SNPs in the genes encoding TLRs, NLRs, and RLRs may be potential biomarkers in patients with AML.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23179593