Structure and physiologic function of the low-density lipoprotein receptor

The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is responsible for uptake of cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein particles into cells. The receptor binds lipoprotein particles at the cell surface and releases them in the low-pH environment of the endosome. The focus of the current review is on biochemical...

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Published inAnnual review of biochemistry Vol. 74; no. 1; pp. 535 - 562
Main Authors Jeon, Hyesung, Blacklow, Stephen C
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Annual Reviews, Inc 01.01.2005
Subjects
Cholesterol
Endocytosis
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II - genetics
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II - metabolism
LDL-Receptor Related Proteins - metabolism
Ligands
Low density lipoprotein
Low density lipoprotein receptors
Metabolism
Models, Biological
Models, Molecular
Mutation
Protein Conformation
Receptors, LDL - chemistry
Receptors, LDL - genetics
Receptors, LDL - metabolism
Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid
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Summary:The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is responsible for uptake of cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein particles into cells. The receptor binds lipoprotein particles at the cell surface and releases them in the low-pH environment of the endosome. The focus of the current review is on biochemical and structural studies of the LDLR and its ligands, emphasizing how structural features of the receptor dictate the binding of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and beta-migrating forms of very low-density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) particles, how the receptor releases bound ligands at low pH, and how the cytoplasmic tail of the LDLR interfaces with the endocytic machinery.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-3
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:0066-4154
1545-4509
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.74.082803.133354