Pollution in an Urban Bayou: Magnitude, Spatial Distribution and Origin

• Published in: Water, air, and soil pollution Vol. 174; no. 1-4; pp. 235 - 236
• Main Authors: Liebens, J, Mohrherr, C.J, Rao, K.R, Houser, C.A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer 01.07.2006; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Air pollution; Alliances; Applied sciences; Aquifers; Bayous; Creosote; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics; Environmental impact; Environmental monitoring; Environmental research; estuaries; Exact sciences and technology; fluorides; geographic information systems; Groundwater; groundwater contamination; Groundwater pollution; Heavy metals; Lists; marshes; mathematical models; Metal concentrations; Metals; Natural water pollution; Plumes; point source pollution; Pollutants; Pollution; pollution load; Pollution, environment geology; Polyallylamine hydrochloride; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Priorities; Radium; Seawaters, estuaries; sediment contamination; Sediment transport; Sediments; Spatial distribution; urban areas; water pollution; Water treatment and pollution; Florida; United States; North America; America; USA, Florida, Pensacola; ASW, USA, Florida, Pensacola; Radioactive pollution; heavy metals; Estuaries; fluoride; Urban area; Radioisotope; Spatial variation; pollution; Persistent organic pollutant; Transport process; Organic compounds; Ground water; Radium; Hydrocarbon; Fluorides; Polycyclic aromatic compound; Sediments; Heavy metal; GIS; Geographic information system; estuary; Pollution source inventory; PAHs; Water pollution; Concentration distribution
• ISSN: 0049-6979; 1573-2932
• DOI: 10.1007/s11270-006-9103-4

Bayou Texar in Pensacola, FL, receives pollutants from a variety of sources, presumably including two USEPA's Priorities List sites. To evaluate the potential negative impacts of pollution in this type of setting, we determined the level and distribution of some of the pollutants in the bayou and identified the most likely sources for them. Results show that fluoride, a tracer for a contaminated groundwater plume from one of the Priorities List sites, enters sediments in the northern part of the bayou and migrates into the water. Radium in the bayou most likely also emanates from the contaminated groundwater plume. However, super(228)Ra/ super(226)Ra isotope ratios indicate that the radium enters the plume from the aquifer matrix, and thus does not originate directly at the Priorities List site. PAHs of creosote origin are known to have been released by the second Priorities List site but apparently they do not affect the sediments of the bayou because ratios of individual PAHs show that they are derived from combustion. The concentrations of the PAHs are slightly higher in the northern part of the bayou. Unlike other pollutants, most metals exceed their probable effects level (PEL) in many places in the bayou. The highest concentrations are observed in the northern part of the bayou. Low metal concentrations in monitoring wells and in deep sediments in the bayou suggest that the metals do not come from the groundwater plume. Sediment transport analysis shows that sediments are trapped in the northern part of the bayou. Consequently, long term accumulation explains the observed high concentrations of heavy metals, and other sediment bound pollutants, in the northern part of Bayou Texar. Pollutant concentrations vary greatly spatially, demonstrating the importance of geographical analysis for this type of environmental research.