The surface modification of the silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles and their application in molecular diagnostics of virus infection

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 14427 - 20
• Main Authors: Zeleňáková, A., Zeleňák, V., Beňová, E., Kočíková, B., Király, N., Hrubovčák, P., Szűcsová, J., Nagy, Ľ., Klementová, M., Mačák, J., Závišová, V., Bednarčík, J., Kupčík, J., Jacková, A., Volavka, D., Košuth, J., Vilček, Š.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.06.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 639/301; 692/700; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 - virology; Hepatitis; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Iron oxides; Ligands; Magnetite Nanoparticles - chemistry; multidisciplinary; Nanoparticles; Pathology, Molecular - methods; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA, Viral - genetics; RNA, Viral - isolation & purification; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics; SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Silica; Silicon Dioxide - chemistry; Surface Properties; Viral diseases; Virus Diseases - diagnosis; Virus Diseases - virology
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64839-2

The study presents a series of examples of magnetic nanoparticle systems designed for the diagnosis of viral diseases. In this interdisciplinary work, we describe one of the most comprehensive synthetic approaches for the preparation and functionalization of smart nanoparticle systems for rapid and effective RT-PCR diagnostics and isolation of viral RNA. Twelve different organic ligands and inorganic porous silica were used for surface functionalization of the Fe 3 O 4 magnetic core to increase the number of active centres for efficient RNA binding from human swab samples. Different nanoparticle systems with common beads were characterized by HRTEM, SEM, FT-IR, XRD, XPS and magnetic measurements. We demonstrate the application of the fundamental models modified to fit the experimental zero-field cooling magnetization data. We discuss the influence of the nanoparticle shell parameters (morphology, thickness, ligands) on the overall magnetic performance of the systems. The prepared nanoparticles were tested for the isolation of viral RNA from tissue samples infected with hepatitis E virus—HEV and from biofluid samples of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. The efficiency of RNA isolation was quantified by RT-qPCR method.