One Raft to Guide Them All, and in Axon Regeneration Inhibit Them

Central nervous system damage caused by traumatic injuries, iatrogenicity due to surgical interventions, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases is one of the most prevalent reasons for physical disability worldwide. During development, axons must elongate from the neuronal cell body to contact their...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 22; no. 9; p. 5009
Main Authors Hernaiz-Llorens, Marc, Martínez-Mármol, Ramón, Roselló-Busquets, Cristina, Soriano, Eduardo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.05.2021
MDPI
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease
Axon guidance
axonal regeneration
Axonogenesis
Axons
Brain
Cell body
Central nervous system
Cholesterol
Chondroitin sulfate
CNS injury
Extracellular matrix
Functional morphology
Glycoproteins
Glycosphingolipids
Heparan sulfate
Injury prevention
Lipid rafts
Lipids
Membrane proteins
Molecular machines
Nervous system
Neural networks
neurodegeneration
Neurons
Phosphatase
Proteins
Regeneration
Review
sphingolipid
Spinal cord injuries
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Summary:Central nervous system damage caused by traumatic injuries, iatrogenicity due to surgical interventions, stroke and neurodegenerative diseases is one of the most prevalent reasons for physical disability worldwide. During development, axons must elongate from the neuronal cell body to contact their precise target cell and establish functional connections. However, the capacity of the adult nervous system to restore its functionality after injury is limited. Given the inefficacy of the nervous system to heal and regenerate after damage, new therapies are under investigation to enhance axonal regeneration. Axon guidance cues and receptors, as well as the molecular machinery activated after nervous system damage, are organized into lipid raft microdomains, a term typically used to describe nanoscale membrane domains enriched in cholesterol and glycosphingolipids that act as signaling platforms for certain transmembrane proteins. Here, we systematically review the most recent findings that link the stability of lipid rafts and their composition with the capacity of axons to regenerate and rebuild functional neural circuits after damage.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22095009