Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship as revealed by inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism in the genus Oryza

• Published in: Theoretical and applied genetics Vol. 100; no. 8; pp. 1311 - 1320
• Main Authors: JOSHI, S. P, GUPTA, V. S, AGGARWAL, R. K, RANJEKAR, P. K, BRAR, D. S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01.06.2000; Berlin Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Biological diversity; fingerprinting; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Generalities. Genetics. Plant material; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic polymorphisms; Genetic testing; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; Genomes; Germplasm; Molecular biology; Origin, evolution, domestication; Oryza; Phylogenetics; Phylogeny; Physiological aspects; Plant genetics; Plant material; Polymorphism; Rice; Philippines; India; United States > US; Monocotyledones; Genetic marker; Genotype; Genetic diversity; Phylogeny; Molecular evolution; Oryza; Gramineae; Microsatellite DNA; Fingerprint method; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Polymorphism
• ISSN: 0040-5752; 1432-2242
• DOI: 10.1007/s001220051440

Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) polymorphism was used to determine genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in Oryza. Forty two genotypes including 17 wild species, representing AA, BB, CC, EE, FF, GG, BBCC, CCDD, and HHJJ genomes, two cultivated species, Oryza sativa (AA) and Oryza glaberrima (AA), and three related genera, Porteresia coarctata, Leersia and Rhynchoryza subulata, were used in ISSR analysis. A total of 30 ISSR primers were screened representing di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-nucleotide repeats, of which 11 polymorphic and informative patterns were selected to determine the genetic diversity. The consensus tree constructed using binary data from banding patterns generated by ISSR-PCR clustered 42 genotypes according to their respective genomes. ISSR analysis suggests that the genus Oryza may have evolved following a polyphyletic pathway; Oryza brachyantha (FF genome) is the most divergent species in Oryza and Oryza australiensis (EE genome) does not fall under the Officinalis complex. DNA profiles based on ISSR markers have revealed potential diagnostic fingerprints for various species and genomes, and also for individual accessions/cultivars. Additionally ISSR revealed 87 putative genome/species-specific molecular markers for eight of the nine genomes of Oryza. The ISSR markers are thus useful in the fingerprinting of cultivated and wild species germplasm, and in understanding the evolutionary relationships of Oryza.